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Neuropeptides: Multiple Molecular Forms, Metabolic Pathways, and Receptors

Neuropeptides: Multiple Molecular Forms, Metabolic Pathways, and Receptors I Abbreviations used: CNS, Central Nervous System; MSH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone; CPH, Carboxypeptidase H; CRF, Corticotropin Releasing Factor; LHRH, Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Factor. 2To whom all correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. 0066-4154/86/0701-0773$02.00 LYNCH & SNYDER PERSPECTIVES AND SUMMARY In the past 15 years the number of polypeptides proposed as neurotransmitters has grown from several to more than 50. While it is not clear exactly how many peptide neurotransmitters there are, and the evidence that many of those discovered are transmitters is not complete, it is clear that the discovery of the large number of putative peptide neurotransmitters greatly increases our un­ derstanding of synaptic transmission. Neuropeptides and receptors for them have been found in all regions of the brain and in animals in all areas of the evolutionary scale. Perhaps the most interesting observation about peptide neurotransmitters is that each one may exist in a variety of forms. The opioid peptide enkephalins were first characterized in two forms, leu-enkephalin (tyr-gly-gly-phe-Ieu) and met-enkephalin (tyr-gly-gly-phe-met) (1). Now there are at least nine endogenous peptides with opiate activity, all of which contain a met-enkephalin or leu-enkephalin sequence at their amino terminus. Cholecystokinin has been isolated in at least five http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Biochemistry Annual Reviews

Neuropeptides: Multiple Molecular Forms, Metabolic Pathways, and Receptors

Annual Review of Biochemistry , Volume 55 (1) – Jul 1, 1986

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Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1986 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
0066-4154
eISSN
1545-4509
DOI
10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.004013
pmid
3017197
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

I Abbreviations used: CNS, Central Nervous System; MSH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone; CPH, Carboxypeptidase H; CRF, Corticotropin Releasing Factor; LHRH, Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Factor. 2To whom all correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. 0066-4154/86/0701-0773$02.00 LYNCH & SNYDER PERSPECTIVES AND SUMMARY In the past 15 years the number of polypeptides proposed as neurotransmitters has grown from several to more than 50. While it is not clear exactly how many peptide neurotransmitters there are, and the evidence that many of those discovered are transmitters is not complete, it is clear that the discovery of the large number of putative peptide neurotransmitters greatly increases our un­ derstanding of synaptic transmission. Neuropeptides and receptors for them have been found in all regions of the brain and in animals in all areas of the evolutionary scale. Perhaps the most interesting observation about peptide neurotransmitters is that each one may exist in a variety of forms. The opioid peptide enkephalins were first characterized in two forms, leu-enkephalin (tyr-gly-gly-phe-Ieu) and met-enkephalin (tyr-gly-gly-phe-met) (1). Now there are at least nine endogenous peptides with opiate activity, all of which contain a met-enkephalin or leu-enkephalin sequence at their amino terminus. Cholecystokinin has been isolated in at least five

Journal

Annual Review of BiochemistryAnnual Reviews

Published: Jul 1, 1986

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