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The third-order terms C ijk in the expansion of the magnetic energy of a material in a power series in the components of an applied magnetic field lead to a nonlinear field dependence of the magnetization. Symmetry considerations indicate that C ijk is allowed in the orthoferrites with three independent components C xxz , C yyz , and C zzz where x is the antiferromagnetic axis and z is the direction of the ferromagnetic moment. In the present paper the temperature dependence of C xxz , C yyz , and C zzz is calculated in the molecular-field approximation. The Hamiltonian used by Gorodetsky et al. is adopted. The relatively simple case of YFe O 3 is considered as a numerical example. In this case C yyz and C zzz are practically constant in the temperature region from absolute zero up to T T C = 0.95 and of the order of 10 - 12 emu/mole. C x x z is about 10 2 - 10 3 greater and is more sensitive to temperature variation. All three coefficients diverge to infinity as T approaches T C whereby C x x z and C y y z diverge as 1 ( T C - T ) 1 2 and C z z z diverges as 1 ( T C = T ) 5 2 . The results obtained are also applicable in the closely related case of orthochromites in the G x F z mode.
Physical Review B – American Physical Society (APS)
Published: Apr 1, 1974
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