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T. Takahashi, S. Matsuura (1994)
Laboratory Studies on Molting and Growth of the Shore Crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus de Haan, Parasitized by a Rhizocephalan Barnacle.The Biological bulletin, 186 3
F. Potts
On the rhizocephalan genus Thompsonia and its relation to the evolution of the group, 212
A. Sparks, J. Morado (1986)
Histopathology and host response in lithodid crabs parasitized by Briarosaccus callosusDiseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2
J. Lützen, Å. Jespersen (1992)
A study of the morphology and biology of Thompsonia littoralis (Crustacea : Cirripedia : Rhizocephala)Acta Zoologica, 73
AbstractSacculina polygenea is a parasite of the intertidal crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus in Kyushu, Japan. Populations from 2 localities differing widely in prevalence (1.1-1.7% and 41.6-79.6%) were compared. When the parasite externae perish, they are replaced by new ones in almost every crab observed irrespective of locality. The abdomen of 29 parasitized crabs from both localities contained numerous internal tumors (primordial parasites). Their number varied between 10 and 92 per crab in the low-prevalence locality and 20 and 71 in the high-prevalence locality. We conclude that the tumors (and externae) of each crab arise by asexual reproduction through budding from the root system of the parasite. The parasites generally become external in crabs 1.5-2 years old. We estimate that the externae die and are replaced 1-3 times during the life of a crab, the host molting and growing between replacements. Concomitantly, the average number and size of the externae increase at each instar. Sacculina polygenea offers the first proven case of asexual reproduction in the family Sacculinidae.
The Journal of Crustacean Biology – Oxford University Press
Published: Apr 1, 1998
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