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The fresh-water crayfish family Parastacidae is restricted to the southern hemi- sphere. It comprises 14 genera, with Parastacus and Samastacus in South Amer- ica, Astacoides in Madagascar, Paranephrops in New Zealand, and Astacopsis, Cherax, Engaewa, Engaeus, Euastacus, Euastacoides, Geocharax, Gramastacus, Parastacoides, and Tenuibranchiurus in Australia. Riek (1972) suggests that the family is monophyletic, with the Bass Strait Basin of southeastern Australia as the single centre of origin, and he proposes a phylogeny of the 14 genera based upon morphological characters. The immunochemical properties of the blood respiratory protein haemocyanin have been used for investigating phylogenetic relationships among Crustacea. These proteins are potent antigens in rabbits, which, together with ease of puri- fication, makes them well suited to comparative studies (Amkraut et al., 1969; Jaccarini and Harris, 1975; Rochu and Fine, 1978; Sevilla and Lagarrigue, 1979). Crustacean haemocyanins contain varying numbers of structurally distinct sub- units which combine to form a range of high molecular weight polymers that are characterised by their sedimentation coefficients (Klarman and Daniel, 1981). These aggregation states are similar in closely related species and can be resolved readily by gel electrophoresis (Markl and Kempler, 1981; Jeffrey and Treacy, 1982). In the present study electrophoretic and
Journal of Crustacean Biology – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1984
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