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Latin-American Studies THE NINETEENTH CENTURY By P. R. BEARDSELL, Lecturer in Spanish in the University of Shiffield I. GENERAL Attitudes to nature in the I9th and 2oth c. are studied by C. M. Rama in 'Cultura, historia y naturaleza en America Latina', L T, 67, I 970: 95-I 07 with interesting ref. to the contexts of determinism and Toynbee's view of civilizations as emerging from people's response to the challenge of their environment. '~Romanticismo en Hispanoamerica ?', Aetas del Tercer Congreso Internacional de Hispanistas (abbrev. ATCIH), Mexico, I970, pp. 67-76 is F. Alvarez's claim that true Roman ticism did not fully emerge in Spanish America until the last third of the I 9th c., owing to unsuitable social conditions and the eclecticism of writers as a form of self-protection in the I83os. Considering Spain to have been an underdeveloped country during the modernista period and for that reason linked with Latin America, R. Fernandez Retamar, in 'Modernismo, noventiocho, subdesarrollo', A TCIH, pp. 345-54, makes the point that 'literatura del 98' should be a term also applicable to Spanish America, synonymous with 'literatura modernista'. R. Gullon flashes through such topics as anti-positivism, esoteric tendencies, theosophy, theory of evolution, Oriental culture,
The Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies – Brill
Published: Mar 13, 1972
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