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Reviewed by This World Bank publication is a dense synthesis of the water conditions and trends in the Mid- dle East and North Africa and how to soundly manage the water resources of the region. The thrust of its argument is that a staggering decline in the water supply from naturally occurring freshwater resources (conventional resources) is on the horizon: within one lifetime, 1960-2025, the average annual water supply per capita from these resources will fall from 3,430 cubic meters to 625 cubic meters. The latter amount is about one-half of an individual's water requirements for food produc- tion, household, municipal, and industrial purposes in a modern society. But even that limited quantity is threatened by pollution from population growth, economic development, and urbaniza- tion. In order to maintain it and stave off costly development of nonconventional sources (desalina- tion, for example) and perhaps a future water crisis, a shift in water management is indispensable. The fulcrum of the new management strategy ought to be demand-oriented or, in general terms, the conservation and efficient use of existing resources. Past management stressed incre- asing supply by building dams, diversion structures, and municipal pipe networks. The same stra- tegy, the
The Palestine Yearbook of International Law Online – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1994
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