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(1) BASIC FACTS Independence,: 5 August 1960, former French colony. Known as Upper Volta until 1984 Leader: Blaise Compaore, born 1952, president since 1987 Capital: Ouagadougou (main international airport) Other major cities: Bobo-Dioulasso, Koudougou Area: 274 200 km2 Population: 10,3 mn (1996) Population growth: 2,9% Urbanisation 27% (1995) Languages: French (official), Moore (Mossi), Fulani, Mande-Bubo, Gur-Guma HDI rank: 159 (1999) Life expectancy at birth: 46 years (1999) Adult literacy rate: 23% (1999) Gross enrolment ratio (all educational le vels): 23% (1999) GNP: $2.4 bn GNPlcapita: $230 (1995) GDP (average annualgrowth rate): 2,6% (1990-1995) Foreign debt: $1 267 mn (1995); as % of GNP: 52% Development aid: $443 mn (1995); as % of GNP: 17% Currency: CFA franc Comments: Burkina Faso is landlocked and dependent on agricultural production (mainly cotton and livestock), although there is some mining activity. Labour is one of the main exports as large numbers of people find employment in neighbouring Ghana and Cote D'Ivoire. There have been five military take-overs since independence, the latest in 1987 when Captain Campaore seized power. Restrictions on political parties were lifted and a democratic constitution endorsed by referendum in 1991. Campaore won the presidential election in December 1991 and
Human Rights Law in Africa Online – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2004
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