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Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Lan ...

Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Lan ... I. INTRODUCTION A. The Need for Action 1. The major threats to the health and productivity and biodiversity of the ma- rine environment result from human activities on land-in coastal areas and further inland. Most of the pollution load of the oceans, including municipal, industrial and agricultural wastes and run-off, as well as atmospheric deposition, emanates from such land-based activities and affects the most productive areas of the marine environment, including estuaries and near-shore coastal waters. These areas are like- wise threatened by physical alteration of the coastal environment, including destruc- tion of habitats of vital importance for ecosystem health. Moreover, contaminants which pose risks to human health and living resources are transported long distances by watercourses, ocean currents and atmospheric processes. 2. The bulk of the world's population lives in coastal areas, and there is a contin- uing trend towards its concentration in these regions. The health, well-being and, in some cases, the very survival of coastal populations depend upon the health and well-being of coastal systems, estuaries and wetlands-as well as their associated wa- tersheds and drainage basins and near-shore coastal waters. Ultimately, sustainable patterns of human activity in coastal areas depend upon a healthy marine http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Ocean Yearbook Online Brill

Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Lan ...

Ocean Yearbook Online , Volume 13 (1): 53 – Jan 1, 1998

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Publisher
Brill
Copyright
Copyright © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
eISSN
2211-6001
DOI
10.1163/221160098X00407
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

I. INTRODUCTION A. The Need for Action 1. The major threats to the health and productivity and biodiversity of the ma- rine environment result from human activities on land-in coastal areas and further inland. Most of the pollution load of the oceans, including municipal, industrial and agricultural wastes and run-off, as well as atmospheric deposition, emanates from such land-based activities and affects the most productive areas of the marine environment, including estuaries and near-shore coastal waters. These areas are like- wise threatened by physical alteration of the coastal environment, including destruc- tion of habitats of vital importance for ecosystem health. Moreover, contaminants which pose risks to human health and living resources are transported long distances by watercourses, ocean currents and atmospheric processes. 2. The bulk of the world's population lives in coastal areas, and there is a contin- uing trend towards its concentration in these regions. The health, well-being and, in some cases, the very survival of coastal populations depend upon the health and well-being of coastal systems, estuaries and wetlands-as well as their associated wa- tersheds and drainage basins and near-shore coastal waters. Ultimately, sustainable patterns of human activity in coastal areas depend upon a healthy marine

Journal

Ocean Yearbook OnlineBrill

Published: Jan 1, 1998

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