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THE YEAR IN PERSPECTIVE The year 1986-87 was crucial in the history of the Preparatory Commission and the progressive implementation of the ocean-mining regime established by the Convention.1 Although the early eighties had been characterized by a divergence into two separate regimes-the regime established by the Convention and ad- hered to by the vast majority of states and a miniregime based on a "reciprocal understanding" between a few developed ocean-mining states (in particular, the United States, Federal Republic of Germany, and United Kingdom) out- side the framework of the Convention-1986 marked a turning point. The direction now was toward the negotiation of a universally recognized regime. Negotiations were first conducted among the pioneer investors under the Convention regime to eliminate overlapping claims to seabed mine sites in accordance with Resolution II, adopted by UNCLOS III together with the Convention. These negotiations were difficult indeed, considering that the overlaps, especially between the Soviet and French claims, were very substan- tial, covering as much as 60% of the total areas claimed. Where there is a will, however, there is a way, and this issue was resolved satisfactorily to all parties in the Arusha Understanding of February 1986.2 2 What remained
Ocean Yearbook Online – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1988
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