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and Introduction The potential for regional organisa- tions to contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security during the Cold War was paralysed by the ideological rivalry between the superpowers. Following the collapse of communism, the policy of ideo- logical containment was replaced by the need to respond to the disintegra- tion of nation-states and the destruc- tive consequences of barbaric human behaviour. The shift away from 'classical' inter-state warfare to pro- tracted and violent intra-state conflict changed the rules of the game and exposed the inability of the United Nations to effectively respond to some of these new challenges. Ultimately, the demands placed upon the UN in these conflict zones, together with miscalculations made at the policy and operational levels, has resulted in the concept of peacekeeping being called into question and forced a re-evalua- tion of the UN's future role in inter- national conflict management. A number of Western governments have thus recommended that regions must take responsibility for their own affairs and develop and strengthen mechanisms to resolve their own problems. A report published in No- vember 1995 by the Joint Inspection Unit states that: '... regional organisa- tions should be the first port
Journal of International Peacekeeping – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1996
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