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Preliminary Material

Preliminary Material Varia Aethiopica Scrinium: Revue de patrologie, d’hagiographie critique et d’histoire ecclésiastique Editorial Committee B. Lourié (Editor-in-Chief), St. Pétersbourg D. Nosnitsin (Secretary), Hamburg D. Kashtanov, Moscow S. Mikheev, Moscow A. Orlov, Milwaukee T. Senina, St. Pétersbourg D. Y. Shapira, Jérusalem S. Shoemaker, Oregon Secretariat T. Senina, St. Pétersbourg E. Bormotova, Montréal Scrinium. Revue de patrologie, d’hagiographie critique et d’histoire ecclésiastique, established in 2005, is an international multilingual scholarly series devoted to patristics, critical hagiography, and Church history. Each volume is dedicated to a theme in early church history, with a particular emphasis on Eastern Christianity, while not excluding developments in the western church. Varia Aethiopica In Memory of Sevir B. Chernetsov (1943-2005) Edited by D. Nosnitsin In Collaboration With S. Frantsouzoff L. Kogan B. Lourié  2009 Gorgias Press LLC, 180 Centennial Ave., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA www.gorgiaspress.com Copyright © by Gorgias Press LLC 2009 Originally published in 2005 All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC. 2009 ܕ ISBN 978-1-60724-081-5 ISSN 1817-7530 Scrinium 1 was originally published by Byzantinorossica, St. Petersburg, Printed in the United States of America &'()*+,*)-,()./'*0'1,( (,(*'23452'67809*,70,:;,0<'*'01)) =<),>-;)?)--@'7,(90):A92B8*C !)D@3 $$%C !" !"# $$% CONTENTS !"!#$%!&""'()!*" +, -.-   /0   -1 + 0 23!4)'2! !"!#$%! 56,71-8 +,.-  9 Abbreviations ................................................................................................... xlii Anthropology, History, Philology Alessandro BAUSI. Etiopico  ell a proposito di un’ipotesi recente .................... 3 Dirk BUSTORF. Some Notes on the Traditional Religious System of the ndägañ Gurage ................................................................................ 12 Leonardo COHEN. Who are the «Sons of God»? A Jesuit-Ethiopian Controversy on Genesis 6:2 .......................................... 35 Gianfranco FIACCADORI. Un re di Nubia a Costantinopoli nel 1203 ................. 43 4:;<=;>?@ABC %%D4(E 5Sergei FRANTSOUZOFF. in early geez9  FG GETATCHEW HAILE. The Mäshafä Gnzät as a Historical Source Regarding the Theology of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church ...................... 58 Marilyn E. HELDMAN, Monica S. DEVENS. The Four Gospels of Däbrä Mäar: Colophon and Note of Donation ................................................................. 77 Steven KAPLAN. Ethiopian Prisoners of Zion: the Struggle for Recognition in a Bureaucratic Setting ............................. 100 Manfred KROPP. «Antiquae restitutio legis». Zur Alimentation des Hofklerus und einer Zeugenliste als imago imperii und notitia dignitatum in einer Urkunde des Kaisers Zära Yaqob im Condaghe der Hs. BM Or. 481, fol. 154 .............................................. 115 Basile LOURIÉ. S. Alypius Stylite, S. Marc de Tharmaqa et l’origine des malk éthiopiennes .......................................................... 148 Andreu ALÒS-MONER. The Selling of the N gu: the «Emperor of Ethiopia» in Portuguese and Jesuit Imagination ............ 161 Ronny MEYER. Riddles as Indicator of Cultural and Linguistic Convergence in the Gurage Region ................................... 174 viii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica Denis NOSNITSIN. Wäwähabo qob a wä askema...: Reflections on an Episode from the History of the Ethiopian Monastic Movement ....................................................... 197 Andrei ORLOV. «The Learned Savant Who Guards the Secrets of the Great Gods»: Evolution of the Roles and Titles of the Seventh Antediluvian Hero in Mesopotamian and Enochic Traditions (Part I: Mesopotamian Traditions) ...................... 248 Richard PANKHURST. The Short-Lived Newspaper Abyssinia (1935–1936): a Memory of the League of Nations. ......................................................... 265 Siegfried PAUSEWANG. The Two-Faced Amhara Identity ................................. 273 Wolbert G. C. SMIDT. Deutsche Briefe von Äthiopiern 1855–1869 aus dem Umkreis der protestantischen Mission zur Regierungszeit von Tewodros II .......................................................... 287 Lothar STÖRK. Notizen zu Zaga Krestos .......................................................... 317 Linguistics H,IJ6KL. Semantic Shifts in the Lexical Field of Taste in Geez ........... 325 Olga KAPELIUK. Topicalization in Amharic and its Degrees ........................... 354 Leonid KOGAN. Common Origin of Ethiopian Semitic: the Lexical Dimension ............................................................................... 367 Nikolay OKHOTIN. Some New Epigraphic South Arabian — Ethiopian Etymologies ............................................................................... 397 Renate RICHTER.  und andere Idiome im Amharischen ....................... 402 List of Illustrations Plate I. Sa amär Dam Garamo Ordamo ............................................................ 29 Plate II. Four Gospels of Däbrä Maar, fol. 230v, col. B .................................. 88 Plate III. Four Gospels of Däbrä Maar, fol. 231r .............................................. 89 Plate IV. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154ra ........................................... 124 Plate V. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154rb ........................................... 125 Plate VI. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154va .......................................... 126 Plate VII. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154vb ......................................... 127 Plate VIII. Gobbaw Dästa, Mikael Arägawi, Haylu Wäsän, 7dasät alias Wilhelm Schimper, Säm M el, Aga e Sahlu, Sänbätu Dan 305 Plate IX. Brief des Tewodros II. an Samuel Gobat .......................................... 313 Œ“ –≈ƒ¿ ÷»»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he new scholarly journal «Scrinium» we are herewith presenting to the scientific audience has been conceived as a «journal of patrology, critical hagiography and church history». The obvious shortage of periodicals in these fields is noticeable both inside and outside Russia. The journal welcomes contributions dealing with both Christian Orient and Christian Occident. The main concept of the «Scrinium» crystallized in the process of pub- lication of two related periodicals: the «Byzantinorossika», the journal of St. Petersburg Society of Byzantine and Slavic Studies, and the «Christian Orient» («8#!# (#!»), published by the Russian Academy of Sciences and the State Hermitage. Late F. Michel van Esbroek (1934–2003) played an important role in the development of the idea. The «Scrinium» is planned to appear annually. The first issue is dedicated to the memory of Sevir B. Chernetsov (1943–2005), an outstanding Russian scholar of Ethiopian studies. The materials of the subsequent issues will, in their turn, focus around (without being limited by) a certain topic. Taking into consideration the use of various languages (five in the first issue) and the large scope of themes of the contributions (ranging from an- thropology to Ethio-Semitic linguistics) that reflect the richness and complexity of the contemporary Ethiopian studies, the editors did not attempt a complete standardization of footnotes, bibliographies or transcription systems used by the authors of the contributions. We would also like to point out that the English introduction «Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies» is not a precise translation of its Russian correspondence «N D# E%  ##+ )$ #!. Authors who would like to contribute to the future issues of the journal are kindly asked to use preferably the standard elaborated for the «8#!# (#!». On agreement with the editorial board, other internationally accep- ted standards can be accepted. Along with the printed version, a full-text electronic edition of each volume will be available from the site of St. Peters- burg Society of Byzantine and Slavic Studies (http://byzantinorossica.org.ru/). Editor-in-chief B. Lourié «Scrinium» PO Box 110 St. Petersburg Russia S&P \PLLP]OL=B^^'LTW'HQ —≈¬»– ¡Œ–»—Œ¬»◊ ◊≈–Õ≈÷Œ¬ » –”—— ¿fl ›‘»Œœ»—“» ¿ ( !#! #/#!! ! .U ##!.  & #! .! " #!     ! + #+" !& ! ! *!    ' _ !" #+ ! " ## ##!. 7$  #   )$ " *!+ !.  :' _ !#+" !  ! #!.  7$ &! # ##!     #     ! !. !  # !#' 1!:+ # #!   ##* ##! # -!#+ &  "  ! # 7$  2 #   ! U # #:#. # .! )! #! " ! ! " #!!#+ ! #" # ' _ #.     3 D#& E% ;<F'<A'<=?>@ B>'BA'ABBFC' 7!! # 2 . & +   !.#! "     2 !& #+     `B&!-" *!"  :   : #-"      +!.''' (+# 9*  !" : #!!#  & !. 3' D' E%" &! ! :   *#!#- .& ! 7$ "   !.   #  #  !U 8& :+ #! 7$ + 2 ##  ,##+" !.  4$' a& "  !.  4$ &.  #!! "  #+ #" #!.#!!    *&!    ,##  7$& ' 5 # )!*   #!. ! 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(' (' D!  D' 4' _' g+ : + !  #! 3 D# E%' g' 5#% (' k. 3' f% k' a SEVIR BORISOVICH CHERNETSOV AND RUSSIAN ETHIOPIAN STUDIES The present volume is dedicated to Dr. Sevir Borisovitch Chernetsov, a distinguished Russian scholar in the field of Ethiopian Studies and Christian Orient, as a sign of great respect and affection from his pupils, friends and th colleagues. Originally devised as a Festschrift for his 60 birthday, the vo- lume is now published, to our great regret, as a book in his memory. Chernetsov was born 15 December 1943 in Kostroma, where his family was evacuated during World War II; his father was a Red Army officer. Soon after the end of the War, the family moved to Leningrad (formerly St. Peters- burg). Chernetsov became interested in Africa since his youth and, having finished secondary school in 1960, entered the Oriental Faculty of Leningrad State University, at the Department (Chair) of African Studies, section of Amharic philology. By then, the connection to the pre-Revolution Russian tradition of Ethio- pian (and Christian Oriental) Studies in St. Petersburg, formerly represented by such brilliant scholars as Vladimir V. Bolotov and Boris A. Turaiev, was, for the most part, interrupted. The Oriental Faculty, closed as an institution soon after the Revolution, was only re-established in 1944, after a long pe- riod of «administrative experiments». At the Department of African Studies, Amharic was taught, yet students were not introduced to either Gz or Medieval Ethiopic literature and history of Ethiopia. In addition to this, du- ring the 1950s, the image of Ethiopia the Soviet public had was rather vague: the existence of such a unique African Christian monarchy and culture, as well as the period of active relationships between the Russian Empire and Ethio- th th pia in the late 19 — early 20 cent. were seldom recalled. In a few genera- tions, almost all university scholars associated with Christian Oriental Stu- dies prior to the Revolution had disappeared from the academic scene, and their ideas and research fields were excluded from the university curriculum. The editors of the volume express their gratitude to all those who kindly assi- sted them in this work. Among them, in particular, Tatiana Senina (Sister Martha) (St. Petersburg) completed the volume’s lay-out; Elizabeth Fordham (Paris) and Da- vid Emmanuel (Jeruslaem) provided English proof-reading; and Evgenia Sokolin- skaia (Hamburg) processed the pictures printed in the book. We are grateful to Prof. G. Fiaccadori (Milano), who provided kind assistance and gave helpful advices con- cerning numerous problems that arose in editing the volume. From the middle of the 1930s onwards, Nikolaj V. Jushmanov dealt with the topic of Ethio-Semitic languages at Leningrad State University, and courses in Amharic were occasionally offered. The diplomatic relations between Ethiopia and Soviet Russia were interrupted in 1919. Between the 1930s and 50s, the Soviet people heard Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxi At the Oriental Faculty, Ethiopian Studies were more or less re-established in 1963, as Vjacheslav M. Platonov, who had just graduated from the Uni- versity (and was the first to receive an official diploma in «Ethiopian philolo- gy»), began post-graduate course and was granted the position of «assistant» at the Department of African Studies. For the first time, some 60 years after Turaiev, he offered courses in Gz and Ethiopian historiography. How- ever, his teaching was soon interrupted by unexpected developments. In 1964 Igor V. Ogurtsov, a graduate of the Oriental Faculty, with a small group of followers (mostly young people, graduates of the University as well) created an underground organization called «All-Russia Social-Christian Union of the People’s Liberation» (Russian abbreviation: ). According to its program, the aim of this organisation was to change the political system of the country and create a kind of representative, social state that would be bound in its activity to follow the religious principles shared by all Christian peoples. The organization numbered some 28 active and ca. 30 would-be members. It did not, of course, present any real threat to the Soviet govern- ment. However, on 15–17 February 1967 all members were arrested by the KGB and brought to court; some of them were sentenced to severe long-term imprisonments. Platonov was among those arrested, and had to spend seven very little about Ethiopia. The botanist Nikolaj I. Vavilov’s Ethiopian expedition in 1926–1927, yielding important scientific results, was a rare exception. The attention arouse, for a short time, and popular sympathy was rekindled when the Italians in- vaded Ethiopia in 1935: it was probably this occasion that made possible the publica- tion of B. A. Turaiev’s translations of the Ethiopian royal chronicles: Abyssinian Chronicles of XIV–XVI centuries»), ed. by I. J. Krachkovskij, Moscow — Leningrad, 1936 (Trudy Instituta vostokovedenija, XVIII). Diplomatic relations were resumed in 1943 and remained stable and friendly, though somewhat reserved. At the Department of African Studies, Amharic was introduced as a permanent subject in 1947 and taught by Tamara L. Tjutrjumova (1905–1987) and later by Asäffa Gäbrä Maryam. In 1948–49 Ignatij J. Krachkovskij gave a series of lectures at the Oriental Faculty, which were published in 1954 as his («Introduction to Ethiopian Philology»), but the newly esta- blished section of Amharic philology (the precursor of the section of Ethiopian phi- lology) had no proper éthiopisants in its staff. Throughout the 1950–60s Ethiopia was not among the priorities of Soviet foreign policy; however, in the late 1950s the relations intensified, and in 1959 emperor Haylä Sllase I came to the USSR on an official visit. He spent some time in Leningrad, visited Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkammer) and left his signature in the guest book. This visit was to foster the official relations between the two countries !"#$%$&'"( )$"*$$"#$+"#(,''-./ '0%"#(-(12#/%3#$ "$4 5$-' *$&&6; as a result, several Amharic language students from the Oriental Fa- culty were granted, on the initiative of the Ethiopians, a rare opportunity to study for one semester in Addis Abäba. xxii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica years in confinement (plus one year in exile). At the University, the teaching of Gz, Ethiopic literature and Ethiopian history was suspended for a long time. Fortunately, Chernetsov had already been introduced into the field of Ethio- pian Studies and decided to advance the scholarship of Turaev, whose com- plete works on Ethiopian Studies were preserved in the libraries of Lenin- grad. Chernetsov began to study them, while improving, at the same time, his knowledge of Gz, and intensively reading Ethiopic texts. Since the pros- pects of officially specializing in the field of Ethiopian philology were rather uncertain, he turned to another way of remaining within Ethiopian Studies — through ethnography. As he graduated from the University in 1967, Prof. Dmitrij A. Olderogge offered him a position in the African Department of Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkam- mer). At that time, such a proposal meant a very promising start to a young scholar’s career. Besides supporting Chernetsov’s intention to study Ethio- pian culture, Olderogge proposed a topic for his future Ph.D. that would enable him to approach Ethiopian culture more closely, at the cross-roads of history, ethnography and philology. Chernetsov submitted his Ph.D. thesis «Ethio- pian magic scrolls (an experience of the philological and ethnographic study)» in the autumn of 1974, which was accepted as a research project in «Ethno- graphy» (specialization no. 07.00.07). Chernetsov’s Ph. D. research, performed on the basis of the manuscript materials preserved in Leningrad, gave him a deep insight into Ethiopian Christian culture and literature, and was, in fact, the first Ph. D. thesis devo- ted to one of the «classical» topics of Ethiopian Studies presented in St. Pe- tersburg since Turaiev’s time (until then, for more than 50 years, no Gz texts had been published in the USSR). From 1967 onward, Chernetsov worked in the Kunstkammer (historically Russia’s first museum) for the rest of his life, and matured and grew as a scholar there. The Kunstkammer was a unique establishment that united on its premises both an ethnological mu- Platonov, Chernetsov’s close friend, later worked at the Oriental Department of the Russian National Library and only returned to the University teaching in 1992, after official rehabilitation; see 278  9!:; < = >< ? < @>A ?BBC BD4 ? ABE?B< BF!    ! new series 3 (9), 2002, pp. 537–541. Olderogge (1903–1987), a corresponding member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, was then one of the leading scholars of African Studies in the USSR; in 1946–1987 he was the head of the African Studies Department at the Oriental Facul- ty, and also the Director of the Department («section») of African Ethnography of the Kunstkammer. It should be noted that the present foreword does not obviously seek to cover the entire history of Ethiopian Studies in the Soviet Union, especially in Moscow, where the field has experienced an independent development. Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxiii seum and a research institution. Here he gained access to rich first-hand Ethiopian materials: large collections of photographs, objects of material th culture, manuscripts, and paintings, gathered mostly by the late 19 to early th 6 20 -cent. Russian travellers to Ethiopia. The Department of Africa, headed by Olderogge, was known for its «interdisciplinary approach» and atmosphe- re of active and very creative scholarly communication between colleagues (most of them became well-known specialists as well), who were also close friends. This compensated for the scarcity of opportunities to participate in scholarly life abroad and to visit African countries. As time showed, the lat- ter circumstances did not prevent, but, interestingly enough, helped Chernet- sov to establish himself as a scholar. Chernetsov’s scholarly methods and views on the history and culture of Ethiopia were shaped by his practical work with manifold sources, ranging from objects of material culture to manuscripts. He gave a preference to the study of the large corpus of written sources — the most peculiar feature dis- tinguishing Ethiopia from most other African cultures — and, consequently, recognised the need of mastering Ethiopian languages and the bases of philo- logy. However, in the collections of the Kunstkammer he discovered an op- portunity to «touch with his own hands» things described in written sources. Through his studies, he developed the capacity to look in-depth, discover and grasp the essence and driving force of any phenomenon in political or reli- gious life, and then expose and explain them all within the historical and cultural context of the Ethiopian Highlands — or, further, of the whole (Chris- tian) Orient. As some Western colleagues, which were familiar with his works, later said: «he always hits the point». Another admirable quality he definitely possessed was a clear understanding of the continuity of the Ethiopian cultu- ral tradition from the ancient and medieval down to modern times (with a clear picture of the famous «Biblical atmosphere»). As a result, not only did he have a thorough knowledge of the Ethiopian material he was directly deal- ing with, but also mastered those themes that were apparently not in the com- petence of a historian studying the (Ethiopian) Middle Ages. In the 1970s, while working in the Kunstkammer, Chernetsov selected the main fields of his scholarly activity for the years to come. Initially, following Turaiev, he intended to study and publish Ethiopian hagiographic works. He translated into Russian two well-known Ethiopian hagiographies: «The Life of Yafqrannä gzi» and «The Life of our mother Wälättä e"ros». Both translations were prepared for the Russian Orthodox Church Patriarchate’s journal     , but only the first one was printed, as an anony- They comprise approximately one third of the 12,000 items in the Kunstkam- mer’s African collection. E. Ullendorff, Ethiopia and the Bible, London 1968, 3. xxiv Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica mous publication. Anonymity was the price he paid for the opportunity of publishing the text. Soviet scholars were not allowed to write for Church periodicals; the prohibition could only be circumvented through pseudonyms or anonymity. Chernetsov soon gave up his cooperation with : not indeed because of the KGB, but for the publication of the «Life of Wälättä e"ros» was rejected by Church censorship. During an era of ecu- menical activity by the Russian Orthodox Church (heralded by the journal), th the image of a 17 -cent. Ethiopian holy nun furiously struggling against Ca- tholicism was probably deemed to be too bold and challenging. Notwithstan- ding this situation, in the 1970–80s, while studying an exotic Christian cultu- re, Chernetsov was able to preserve his scholarly integrity under the state’s careful supervision of the academic circles’ activities. As he stressed later, he never had to revise or hide his views and could express them in his publica- tions, in the words he considered appropriate, with no serious consequences. Additionally, for Chernetsov, intellectual freedom also meant an unbiased approach to the object of research. In his studies, he did not let his personal sympathy towards Ethiopian culture and the people prevail over his scholarly analysis and influence it’s results. Working on a Christian culture, he always wrote as a scholar and never followed the example of those researchers who studied the tradition by «adopting it» — the position for which he was some- times blamed, but usually greatly respected by his colleagues. A Russian stu- dent of Ethiopia, he inevitably became a bit «Ethiopian», but only in his he- art, not in his scholarly work. Later in the 1970s, Chernetsov turned to yet another topic — Ethiopian historiography, which became his major field of studies. Within ca. 15 years, he prepared and published annotated Russian translations of some ten Ethio- pian historiographic works, and produced two monographs devoted mostly th to the political, but also religious and social history of Ethiopia from the 14 th to the 17 cent. The first one, Ethiopian Feudal Monarchy in XIII–XVI Cen- turies, was defended as his habilitation (doctoral) thesis in 1984. The sec- , G10, 1973, pp. 225–251. Chernetsov continued the work of Turaiev (s. above, n. 2), which ended with the Chronicle of King Minas (1559–1563), striving to bring to the Russian public the entire corpus of the Ethiopian royal chronicles published in Europe. Thus, he pub- lished chronicles of the following kings: Sära Dngl (1563–1597), Susnyos (1607– 1632), Yoanns I (1667–1682), Iyasu I (1682–1706), Bäkaffa (1721–1730), Iyasu II (1730–1755) and his mother Brhan Mogasa, Iyoas (1755–1769); additionally, he published the «Vita» of Iyasu I (1682–1706), the «Histories» of ras Mikael Shul and däazma Haylä Mikael äte, and the «History of the Galla» written by the monk Bary. Published as: XIII–XVI !C BH BI B!JK Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxv ond one, Ethiopian Feudal Monarchy in the XVII Century, treats one of the most complicated and interesting periods of Ethiopian history and is one of Chernetsov’s best works. In this study, he did not attempt to describe all the events of that era and list all the sources. Instead, as a true historian, he intro- th duces 17 -cent. Ethiopian history as a synthetic process, searches for its de- cisive internal and external factors and discusses their nature. Besides these monographs, in 1970–80s Chernetsov published a number of essays on diverse issues relating to Ethiopian culture and history, ranging from the problems of the history of the early-Solomonic Ethiopian monarchy to the social sources of the 1974 Ethiopian revolution. In the 1980s, he took part in numerous conferences, mostly in the USSR. He rarely went abroad, yet foreign (including Ethiopian) colleagues quickly recognized him as a se- rious expert in matters relating to Ethiopia, and never identified him with those people who were involved in the official Soviet policy towards the «friendly» regime of Mängstu Haylä Maryam. In the middle of the 1980s, Chernetsov became acquainted with Manfred Kropp, one of the leading Ger- man Orientalists, this meeting being followed by many years of scholarly cooperation and friendship. In the second half of the 1980s, the political situation in Russia was marked by a quick series of deep changes. From that time onwards, Russian scholar- ship had to exist in a new reality, with all of its consequences. The state support to scholarly institutions and scholarships was decreasing. Russian Oriental and African Studies faced substantial difficulties, while the institu- tions in St. Petersburg (the Kunstkammer in particular) found themselves in a very troubled situation. All this notwithstanding, for Chernetsov the subse- quent period, from the end of 1980s, was a fruitful time. The political regime in Ethiopia changed in 1991. At this time, the Russian government had nei- ther the capacity nor the interest in any kind of active policy in the Horn of Africa, but precisely then classical Ethiopian Studies were finally «restor- Published as: XVII !C BHBI B! 12 th Chernetsov took part in 8 International Conference of Ethiopian Studies in th th th Addis Ababa (1984), the 9 in Moscow (1986), the 10 in Paris (1988), the 11 in th Addis Ababa (1991) and the 15 in Hamburg (2003). His articles were also published th th in the proceedings of the 4 (Rome, 1972) and the 13 (Kyoto, 1997) conferences, though he didn’t attend them. In 1991, Chernetsov had an opportunity to see a turning point in Ethiopian history with his own eyes. In that year, he spent about one month in Ethiopia and th participated in the 11 Conference of Ethiopian Studies (1–6 April, 1991). The con- ference took place under unique circumstances: the participants understood that they were watching the last days of Mängstu Haylä Maryam’s regime, who fled from st Ethiopia on the 21 of May. Shortly before, while troops of several liberation move- ments were battering the government forces and encircling Addis Abäba, all Soviet xxvi Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica ed» and received official recognition at St. Petersburg University. Since the beginning of 1990s, Chernetsov actively cooperated with the Department of African Studies of the Oriental Faculty teaching Gz and giving lectures on different aspects of Ethiopian history and culture, and sharing his knowledge with any interested student. During the same period, he penned most of his publications. He was offered various opportunities to work abroad and in 1994 and 1999 taught at the Seminar für Orientkunde at Mainz University. In the late 1990s, he took an active part in resuming the publication of the journal (Christian Orient), which was founded in 1912, clo- sed in 1922, and some 75 years later re-established as a periodical of the Rus- sian Academy of Sciences and the State Hermitage. His vivid participation in the publication of this journal was emblematic: apart from his profound know- th ledge and understanding of Ethiopian material, like another great 20 -century master of Ethiopian Studies, Enrico Cerulli, he viewed Ethiopia as a geo- graphical part of Africa historically connected to the wider cultural milieu of the Christian Orient. Chernetsov was not only one of the most distinguished Russian éthiopi- sants and scholars of the Christian Orient, but also one of the few who had a clear vision of the aims and tasks of the studies and were also able to explain and popularise them, both in Russia and outside. He performed the latter task throughout by using every available means: his university lectures and other teaching activities, publications (for his bibliography, see pp.11L), partici- pation in boards of scholarly journals and committes, collaborations with va- rious reference books and encyclopaedias (including the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica for which he wrote some 96 articles, and The Russian Orthodox Encyclopaedia). Besides his books and articles, Chernetsov had a sympathetic and attrac- tive personality. His lectures were never boring, and he frequently inserted into his scholarly discussions interesting stories from the lives of historical characters and his own rich experiences. Clearly understanding the complexity of the problems that Ethiopian (and Oriental) Studies had to face, both in Russia and in other countries, he kept a habit of realism and optimism at the same time. Quite modest and not at all ambitious in day-to-day life, he was absolutely uninterested in acquiring the «glory of this world». He had chosen citizens were recommended to leave urgently Ethiopia. Chernetsov was one of the last to depart when EPRDF (Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front) troops were entering the city (since that time, he never had the opportunity to return). In the Kunstkammer, where Chernetsov had worked all his life, he held several times the position of head of the African Section. He was acting head of the African Section from 1 March 1992 until 31 August 1993, and then from 1 February to 21 Octo- ber 2002; on 21 October 2002 he was confirmed as the head of the African Section by the Museum’s Academic Board. Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxvii his way of life and simply stuck to it, working till the last days of his life (he died on 3 February 2005, after a long and hard illness), according to one of his main principles: «If you can’t light a big fire, keep a candle alight and pass it to others». One can say that this has been fulfilled: he did keep «his candle alight» and pass it to his pupils. His friends and colleagues shall re- member him, and any Russian student looking for literature on Ethiopia shall no doubt come across the most interesting and informative books by Cher- netsov. th Thus, from the beginning of the 19 cent. there have always been Russian enthusiasts who cultivated an interest in Ethiopian culture and the Orient. In the past, there were scholars like Bolotov and Turaev; our generation found such person in Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov. D. Nosnitsin B. Lourié S. Frantsouzoff L. Kogan ¡»¡À»Œ√–¿‘»fl –¿¡Œ“ —≈¬»–¿ ¡Œ–»—Œ¬»◊¿ ◊≈–Õ≈÷Œ¬¿* [A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SEVIR B. CHERNETSOV] O  PQ    R S QTT  !" !#R $Q%UVT& 'W(QX " &&)R SR)  & W*+Y((Z, P(-[\]& R ^N_`a[ b.cbd e %      TT " )^N_`afb[ Ng_cNhh ij O k Q / RZ l #m R% !Q (  !e %nTT , Q%# Q  e X0 T& 'X" &&) SR)  $oR #m +'(p$  !(-[)]&  ^ N_`g[ ah1cahb +%#  -iqr " "e"kTT (Q)]X(  P ) !%  S^N_`g^ fN1 [*aa.ca.N X  " %S S  STT& (Q X^" ^ P )^N_`gfb+& X  (X -[ NahcNg1 e %  l%Q   R "  ( n   (  R !% ((  S l1`111`nTXR " &&) SR)  & '[\^N_`h [ a` 233456789:23i;546<6423s==5k>>3426tR?3@3=^ A@6B426ClNb1gcNb1hnTTUu*6@3556U43v6=3>84D>B46C w$##  o#Q   oQQ( ( Z  PS%R QS #( P !% QS##  S( QSx P % QS #  PQ Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxix lE6y^N1cN.C=N_`anE6yN_`hl>3y>3F3g`N^z6G=3y 44D=>83v3>*D=4D^N_Nnu6=U^Cd1gcd1d e %   # )elfa._NhRNhn $ PTTX P  ( R (  T& 'X" &&)R SR) #) % " ]# W VVVU[\]&  ^N_`.[ a11ca1` e %    VuUU  TT R !" !#$Q%VT& 'W(QXR " &&) SR)  & W*UUU +Y((Z, P(-[\]&  ^N_`.[ aN_caa. N1 ,% " %S%QS   li R S  kn# )eTTX P  ( R (  T& 'X" &&)R SR) #) % " ]# W VVVU[\]&  ^N_`.[ a1dcaab NN {  S  |l,%Q# (} nTTe  Z R PQ!%(]#T& 'X" &&)R SR)  +Y((Z, P(-[)]&  ^N_``[ Ndc h. Na H P(   "!e R % VUUUcVUu TTe  Z  PQ! %(]#T& 'X" &&) SR )  +Y((Z, P(-[)]&  ^N_``[ N.gc N__ Ng)o$)^ iX k "R !TT  !" !# $Q%VU T& 'W(QX " &&) SR )  & W*u+Y((Z, P(-[\]&  ^ N_`d [ N.NcN_a Nh e %! %!Q!#i ,% R ( kTTY !#$Q%abld_n0  T ''!Y #m +, (  YR !-[\]&  ^N_`d[ b1cb. xxx Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica N. & (% ! +*N.bcN`h-x%( ]j /  r# % l% ( ] W   #SVUucVuU  ^+Y((X p { R -[& '^W(Q   (W VuUUU[)^ \]X(  P & '^N_gb[g1_n+ gNdcga`-xe %SR Q}!    + gadcggg-TTX jR r ^\~{## P[)]&  ^N_`_ Nb (  e %Z !~%lR ( S( QS PS PnTT Q R (Q$ $Q%VVUld1n  O ^" ^] #T& 'O #m '^$ R xY(#m(Z, P([)]&  ^N_d1[ NadcNh` N` &Q # o( (# ! o!      S QR Q !  e %TT  !" R !#$Q%VUUT& 'W(QX " &&) SR)  & W*UV+Y((Z, P(R -[\]&  ^N_d1 [ NdNcN_h Nd H P(   e % Vu TT& R (Q X^" ^ P )^N_d1f.+& 'X  (X -[ b.c`b 19. Chernetsov S. B. Zu den Veränderungen der gesellschaftspolitischen Lexik in der modernen amharischen Sprache und der Sprachsituation im revo- lutionären Äthiopien // Sozialer Wandel in Afrika und die Entwicklung von Formen und Funktionen afrikanischer Sprachen. Hrsg. von D. A. Olderogge und S. Brauner (Linguistische Studien Reihe A, Arbeitspapiere, 64), Ober- lungwitz: Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR. 1980, Seiten 120–143. a1 &Q%(% } P% %S}(" %! i Q !kTTe % R ( X PQT& 'X xY(( OQ[)]&  ^N_dN[ abcgN aN X  P  " %S} l(R %#  ( O( %( nTTY !#R $Q% a`l_1nX   T& ''!Y R #m +, (  Y !-[\]&  ^N_dN[ N1bcN1d Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxi aa ) ^} %P  (  ! e %TT)  P  P #) R % " T& 'X" &&)R SR) #) % " ]# W VVVuUU^\]&  ^N_dN[*NNhcNag agY ^ Y  iO( P) e %k" (C  O#j!   !( [(" %R S%  !TT  !" !# $Q%VUUUT& 'W(QX " &&) SR )  & W*VU+Y((Z, P(-[\]&  ^ N_da[ Na`cNb1 ah)o$)^ (Q S S% iq \ # Qkle %nTT  !" R !#$Q%VUUUT& 'W(QX " & &) SR)  & W*VU+Y((Z, P(R -[\]&  ^N_da[ NhacN`. a. {%S}(o" %( !kTT  !" !#R $Q% VUUU T& 'W(QX " &&)R SR)  & W*VU+Y((Z, P(-[\] &  ^N_da[ aghcagd ab e %  ( P  S VUUUcVuU T '^X" &&) SR)  [)]& R ^N_da [g1_ a` {P   e % o % TTW ( P[)] &  ^N_dg[ Nh1cNh` ad e %]"%   lh1c`1R (Qn TT' Q (Q$Q%Ng[)]&  ^N_dg[ NNgcNg` a_ e %  ( P  S VUUUcVuU R S   (   !%( S l1`111gnT\OIq(  ^$Q! R P[\^N_dg[g. g1 X%(%Q " %% R P  (!( } #m R% !} e % #}VUVjj  TT  !" R xxxii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica !#$Q%VUuT& 'W(QX " &&) SR)  & W*VUUU+Y((Z, PR (-[\]&  ^N_dh[ dbcNa1 gN e %SVuUcVuUU  T& '^ X" &&) SR)  x (, W  R [)]&  ^N_dh[g_1 ernetsov S. B. Historische Wurzeln der äthiopischen Revolution // Ethnographisch-Archaeologische Zeitschrift. Bd. 26, 1985, Seiten 11–21. gg ,## !!  iX k[% R " %!  VuU  TTX PQ (  Y# Q P  P " %a[)]&  ^N_db[ NahcNg1 ghY  $)^ e % %  TT '%    P ( $ ,{% T& ',( X  ( ( $ )  Q ( [)]&  ^N_d`[ a1Ncah1 g. e %    TTX ! R QWhT& 'X !  Q)OPR x (p $%%[)]&  ^N_d`[ .bdc.`N gb e     e %TTe R S ]#T& 'X" &&) SR)  x ( r{  ^\~{## P[)] &  ^N_dd[ NgdcNh_ g` e %    TTX ! R QW.T& 'X !  Q)OPR x ( $W  [)]&  ^N_dd[ bhhcbh_ 38. Chernetsov S. B. Who wrote «The History of King Sarsa Dengel» — was it the Monk Bahrey? // Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, University of Addis Ababa, [26–30 November] 1984. Ed. by Taddese Beyene. Addis Ababa — Frankfurt-am-Main 1988. Vol. I, pp. 131–136. 39.Chernetsov S. B. Medieval Ethiopian Historiographers and their Methods // Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress of Ethiopian Stu- Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxiii dies, Moscow, 26–29 August 1986. Ed. by A. A. Gromyko. Moscow: Nauka, 1988. Vol. V, pp. 191–200. h1 e %SVuUUcVuUUU  T& '^ X" &&) SR)  x+$ (  o^ %" % x (p{Y% !- [ )]&  ^N_d_[gda hN e %    TTX ! R QWbT& 'X !  Q)OPR x (XW[)]&  ^N_d_[ `Nhc`N` ha Y(  ] S !$ (R ]Y P+e %VUV ]Z   R -[)]Z ^N_d_ hg e %  ( P  S VuUU T& '^X" &&) SR)  [)]&  ^ N__1[gag hh e %SVuUUU  T& '^XR "  % &&) SR)  x+$ (^ %" %^  o x (&) OR -[)]&  ^N__N[g.b h. e %    TTX ! R QW`T& 'X !  Q)OPR x (X ![)]&  ^N__N[ `11c`1g hb &  P }% ( e R %VuUU [iq  !$  YkTTeR %Q}}% (x (A !R #^X {x& 'X" &&) SR )  [ Y#]&  ^N__N[ g_c.. h` Y   ]{ %!'X% +Y % P]E5v>Kapuiski N_`d-x'  ( ^ X  ([)]&  ^N__a 48. Chernetsov S. B. On the Origin of the Amhara // St. Petersburg Journal of African Studies. Vol. 1 (1993), C. 97–103. xxxiv Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica 49. Chernetsov S. B. Ethiopian Magic Literature // St. Petersburg Journal of African Studies. Vol. 3 (1994), C. 109–117. 50. Chernetsov S. B. The Crisis of Ethiopian Royal Historiography and th its Consequences in the 18 Century // Ethiopian Studies at the End of the Second Millennium, Proceedings of the XIVth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, November 6–11, 2000, Addis Ababa. Ed. by Baye Yimam et al. Addis Ababa 1994. Vol. I, C. 87–101. 51. Chernetsov S. B. The Role of Catholicism in the History of Ethiopia th e of the First Half of the 17 Century // Études éthiopiennes. Actes de la X con- férence internationale des études éthiopiennes, Paris, 24–28 août 1988. Vo- lume I. Édité par C. Lepage avec le concours de É. Delage. Paris 1994, pp. 205–212. 52. Chernetsov S. B. On the Question of Royal Succession during Zague Period // St. Petersburg Journal of African Studies. Vol. 4 (1995), pp. 103–117. 53. Chernetsov S. B. Investigation in the Domain of Hagiological Sources for the History of Ethiopia after Boris Turayev // St. Petersburg Journal of Af- rican Studies. Vol. 5 (1995), pp. 114–124. .h X (  #   SR e %%  W  TT{  ]e R ($Q%VT'&)! % " Y $ l{  n[ Y#]Y#$ (R ^N__b[ g.bcgba 55. Chernetsov S. B. On the Problem of Ethnogenesis of the Amhara // Der Sudan in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart (Sudan Past and Present). Hrsg. von R. Gundlach, M. Kropp, A. Leibundgut. (Nordostafrikanisch/Westasia- tische Studien, 1), Frankfurt am Main [u.a.]: Lang. 1996, pp. 17–35. .b e %  ( } %Pl% !{ QnTT{  ]e  ($Q% VUT'&)! % " Y $ l{R n[ Y#]Y#$ (^N__`[ a``ca_d .` Y   ( $ X !# TTq   q   P  (R ! P)^N__`fglN.n[ a`cad 58. Chernetsov S. B. Ethiopian Traditional Painting (with Special Refe- rence to the Kunstkamera Collection of Ethiopian Painting) // Ethiopia in Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxv Broader Perspective. Papers of the XIIIth International Conference of Ethio- pian Studies, Kyoto, 12–17 December 1997. Ed. by Katsuyoshi Fukui, Eisei Kurimoto, Masayoshi Shigeta. Kyoto 1997. Vol. III, pp. 3–34 + pls. 1–14. 59. Chernetsov S. B. Ethiopian painting No. 2591-1 from the Kunstka- mera Collection / New Offsprings of Addis Ababa Fine Art School, Addis Ababa 1997. b1 0 ^%  % P(R N11   (TTq   q   P (! P)^N__dfhla1n[ gdcg_ bN Y  e %    TTq P! % :23€6D=6866=6@<> 86R =426C6=6@< Y#^N__dfh[ `.cdd ba i{ %    !  $ P()R " Pk[% !})  UUTTj !$]+*^%R m oS ! PQ (  -T {  '&X #m!H  PR ( S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y R !) fNl`n[ Y#] !x)]X^N___[ aghcadb bg qm  P   S" %!(R !S !  QTT  ] # $Q%a] qm   S  S S (QS#m T RY#R (QSQSx{  '& )! % " Y $ l{  nx '( P#( P)0[ Y#]X(  P RY#R ^N___[ N``ca1g bh (  " %S}S QSl % ( PnTT)  % ( P]#$Q%a) R Q ! ^ahcab   N___TX! QlY!(n'&,(   P  '(R (  { [ Y#^#T^N___[ adNcad` b. ' P Q! e %TT) Q  PR ]$/ % (l)  Q ^oPN__dn]# ~ O$( T'&X!  Q[ Y#] { ^N___ [ ahgcah` bb $ #     " %!  R TT  ]#m ^ P ^Ql (Q! R Q!(  n])  Q Q(!&  R ^ ! RY#.c` N__dT, (X$ (R !^Z) ( [)^#T^N___[ .1c.h xxxvi Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica 67. Chernetsov S. B. The aerial Flight of Alexander the Great in Ethiopian Painting and Literature // Oriens Christianus. Vol. 83 (1999), pp. 177–186. bd #e %! N`aN( % (R TTXZ !H   QS (Sjj  ]) R Q R ! ^% m!N11R o( Q$$   lNh Nd.h[.lNdn %N_11n^+Ndca1 % a111-T, ({ lO n^ S%WS !)S R Y ![ Y#]X(  P O( e } ^a111[ NgdcNh. b_Y /\^ '!   }#% R e %]I(  P }P(P# ~ $  ( TT  (]~}Q! Q!#m R R% !} TX  ('&X '&)]&  ^#T[ a_cg1 `1 '(   O# lNdhhcN_Nan^ " %%  )  UUTTjR !$]+*^% m oS ! PR Q (  -T{  '&X #m!R H  P( S   !x{ Oe }xO ([Y !) faldn[ Y#] !x )]X^a111+a11N-[ adhca_d `N Z ^% m  W  +(R $  iW !%P   (  (R (  W  k^a111-TTj !$] +*^% m oS ! PQ ( -T{  '&X #m!H R P( S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) f aldn[ Y#] !x)]X^ a111+a11N- [ gdbcgd_ `a*233456789E235>;666B426CA@5TTj R !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ R (  -T{  '&X #m! H  P( S   !x{  O e }xO ([Y !) faldn[ Y#] !x)] X^a111+a11N-[ g.c.. `g e %!(    ^Nd_dcNd__TT $$X 4U544D465‚34=5falN1n . [*Y#]X($ ^a11N^*hchN Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxvii `h * ^  O) $P  ' !lN R N_aa[_  a11Nn+ -TT$$X 4U544D465‚34=5falN1n.[*Y#]X($R ^a11N [*_Nc_h `. &  PQ! %  !e %] %  |TT)   fa[*Y#]i~ %!!(k^ a11N[*`bcdh `b ,% S ~  ^" % S VUu  o S%% , "  e %o Nb`_ " %R S QS!TTz4yR95ƒ;>35 lXR   !} n^fglN.dn~ ](R iOR ok&&'^a11N[*h_c.b `` ,i % (QS   Sk[" %% m R TTHyperboreus. Studia classica. In memoriam A. I. Zaicev. Petropoli: Verlag C. H. Beck München, vol. 7, fascNca^a11N^CChN`chNd `d Y  $)^ i{ } }^  (R ! % ( #X  kW  j !  W  e" [( % QS% (! S !  QTTj !$] +XS ! PQ (  -T{ '&X #m!H  P( R S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ N`acabd `_ ^{( o$ )S !   Y R !" #$ nTTj !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ (  - T{ '&X #m!H  P( R S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ .g`c.hN d1 W" "RH (Q)"l#PN_N.[o P a111 n%  &'  () ((* 1908 +,, — - 1997 +,,nTT j !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ (  -T{  '&X #m! H  P( S   !x{ Oe }xO ( [Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] R !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ .hac.h_+ S !% (] )"(SQW" "! "]*.h_c..g- dN*233456789„6y>D4264<6C@356B426C*25R 4J3>37==434D3TTj !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ (  -T{ '&X #m!H  P( R S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ g.hcg`g xxxviii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica da (P#QS     'TT '  X P^a11a]#TA6  & R Q! i' P ! kxO ([&  $[)] &  ^a11a[ `ca1 dg X !" %l # nTT)   fa[*Y#]i~ %!!(k^a11a [ *Ndcg. dh Z!  , P( %P S R % STT$ R  #m ] R PTX  ('&X '& Y#^ a11gf.[ Nd1cNdh d. Z!  , P( i (! R kTTZ!  , P( %P S % R ST'&^)ex ( Y#^a11g[ h_c.N dbY /\^ ~ !$  ( !   e % QTT{  ]e R ($Q%VUUUT'&)! % " Y $ l{  n[ Y#]Y#$ R (^a11g[ addca_. d` e %      TT)   R f.[ Y#]i~ %!!(k^a11g[ N1bcNN1 dd m]+&)O-TT{R ]e  ($Q%VUUUT'&)! %R " Y $ l{  n[ Y#]YR #$ (^a11g[ gNgcgN` d_Chernetsov S. B. «The Book of Narration of Wäyzäro Bafäna Wäldä Mika’él», the First Wife of Menilek II // Saints, Biographies and History in Africa. Ed. by B. Hirsch, M. Kropp. Frankfurt am Main 2003 (Nordostafrika- nisch/Westasiatische Studien, 5). '. 65–114. 90. Chernetsov S. B. A Short Story of St. Täklä Haymanot’s Ancestors and his «Heritage» (rist) in Däbra-Libanos Version of his Vita // Oriens Chris- tianus. Vol. 87 (2003), C. 130–139. e % % Q ( P   !"QT '!  (& ^)! % " Y $ l{  nx (~' [*Y#])e'&^a11h +a11.-[aNd Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxix &  " %%   ~ % e %TT'  X P^a11h]#TA6 & Q! i' P ! kxO (&  $[ )]&  ^a11h[*a`gcg1g _g * \ Q % QW ^ #     O#X  Nd_h^% (R TT8C4…3y3X ( %p}! QS ! Pb1R ) Y T Q!( $ ( [)]i$    k^ a11h[ gggcgh1 _. }#  ]  R (P# " % ~ ^   Z # #^ %(!!( # # !}!! (TTYPQ % $ Nlan^a11.[*hgcb.+%(  %# 0  - _b X  P %   " %! (  ! TT?;‚JU†BJY & OR ]# ![*Y#^a11.[*.cN. 97. Chernetsov S. Ethiopian Theological Responses to European Missio- th th nary Proselitizing in the 17 /19 Centuries // Ethiopia and the Missions: His- torical and Anthropological Insights. Ed. by Verenà Böll, Steven Kaplan, Andreu Martínez d’Alòs-Moner, Evgenia Sokolinskaia. Berlin: Lit-Verlag, 2005, pp. 53–62. —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, ÓÔÛ·ÎËÍÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚: œ‡‚ÓÒ·‚̇ˇ ˝ÌˆËÍÎÓÔ‰ˡ / ÷ÂÍÓ‚ÌÓ-̇ۘÌ˚È ˆÂÌÚ ´œ‡‚ÓÒ·‚̇ˇ ˝ÌˆËÍÎÓÔ‰ˡª Z Q!x#  x#   x#(x#"e"x#"S x # (x# l   $) P Qnx((R## x(R S x {"x!# !l  R ‡0  Qn !" x(")  Px  l ( Ua]  e %! H + -nx $   "" (x " x") ˆ xl Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica % ""    & xS (X# S PRO x "( R) P '"&   ("& ) $ o^Z}!x  x "  x$  Yx$ P( W "x$ P(## x$ Sl ( ]e %! % %$ S + R #%% 0  -nx —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, ÓÔÛ·ÎËÍÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚: Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, ed. by S. Uhlig Vol. I (A–C), Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, 2003: Abägaz; Abägaz, abeto; Abugida and Hahu; Admas Mogäsa; Afä qesar; Aggafari; Ansasyos; Aqaen; Aqqabe ray; Aano; Asallafi; Aärä Krstos; Asbo; Askal; Asmat; Atnatewos; Ato [   Merid Wolde Aregay]; Azma Azza ; Bäal däräba; Bäg mälkä a; Ba r näga : before th w the 18 century; Baläge; Baläm al; Balgäda; Bara; Ba a; Bati Dl Wämbära; Bäträ Giyorgis; Blä Krestos; Blä nägät; Betä Krstos; Bitwäddäd; Blatten geta; Bolläd; Bolotov,Vasiliy Vasilievich; Bukko; Bulatovich, Alexan- der Ksaverjevich; ällänqo; Cavalry. Vol. II (D–Ha), Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, 2005: Dägälhan; Dään; Däggafi; Darägot, azma; Dorn, Johannes-Albrecht-Bern- hard; leni [Admas Mogäsa]; leni, wäyzaro; lf askälkay; Elyas; mmäbet; ndärta; nfraz [    LaVerle Berry]; nkoye; ntio [  R Wolbert Smidt]; Epistolography; qa bet; skndr; slam Sägäd; slam Sägäd (slamo); Fanuel; Färis; Fasil Gärram; Fha Krstos; Fiqtor; Fitawrari; Gäbrä Krstos, monk; Gäbrä Krstos, king; Gäbrä Maryam, ba r näga ; Gäbrä Maryam, abbot; Gäbrä llase, äge; Gäbre Täsfa; Gäbrel and Mikael; an Bädl; an Bet; Gändäbta; Genealogy, dynastic; Go u; Halibo; awarya Krstos; aylä Mikael  äte; aylu Täwäldä Mädhn. √ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÒˇ Í Ô˜‡ÚË: ^Y  $)^0 X" %R !%P Y#^ ( o a11` [*233456789:5@35566423†6y56‰3y=393276D 423837343342*34D<B426C[423;3636423iF366DJ6423 „=44z3465kTTj !$]**^% m o S ! PQ (  +T{  '&XR #m!H  P( S R !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fh lN1n[ Y#[ .bc`a [*233456789B426Cy@=434D3TT8Dyq % R ^!   !+K735DyHagio- graphicum: Mémorial R. P. Michel van Esbroeck, s. j.lN_ghca11gn-T R Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xli Y#,#m   R S ( !U544DR 4Dyz2=6=Dyfala11bn[*Y#]i$  k — Chernetsov S.B. On the Reasons of Empress aytu’s Anger which th Came down upon Afäwärq Gäbrä Iyäsus in 1894 // Proceedings of the 15 International Conference of Ethiopian Studies. Hamburg. —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, „ÓÚÓ‚ˇ˘ËÂÒˇ Í Ô˜‡ÚË ‚ œ‡‚ÓÒ·‚ÌÓÈ ˝ÌˆËÍÎÓÔ‰ËË: Z #  #xZ #  SQ!xZ # ## !xO # XxO # ) R {((xO # ) SxO # )  PxO # ) " PxO # xO (  + 0  Q-xO ( xO  x O (^X + 0  Q-xOHQOR xO! QxO!& Q!xO"+ 0 R Q-xO ^ $ 0xO( xO"^Z  (xO, —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, „ÓÚÓ‚ˇ˘ËÂÒˇ Í Ô˜‡ÚË ‚ Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, vols. IIIñIV: Hzqyas; Historiography, Ethiopic; Infantry; Iyasu II; Iyoas II; Krs- todulo, abunä (d. 1735); Leontiev, N. S.; Liqä mak as; Magic scrolls; Mälä- kotawit; Mäläkotawit, wäyzaro; Rinhuber, L.; ä afe tzaz; Script, Ethio- pic: cultural and historical aspects; Sisgayo; Turaev, B. A. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AÉ — Annales d’Éthiopie BHG —F. HALKIN, Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca, vols. I–III, Bruxelles 1957 (Subsidia hagiographica, 8a) BHO —P. PEETERS, Bibliotheca Hagiographica Orientalis, Bruxelles 1910 (Subsidia hagiographica, 10) BSOAS — Bulletin of the School of the Oriental and African Studies CSCO — Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium DEB —BELAYNESH MICHAEL — S. CHOJNACKI — R. PANKHURST (eds.), The Dictionary of Ethiopian Biography. I [Early Times to c. 1270 A.D.], Addis Ababa 1975 EÆ —S. UHLIG (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, vol. I: A–C, Wiesbaden 2003; vol. II: D-Ha, Wiesbaden 2005 JES — Journal of Ethiopian Studies LTK — Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, vols. I–XIII, völlig neue bearbeitete Auflage, Freiburg im Breslau 1993–2001 MRALm — Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei — Memorie, classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche OC — Oriens Christianus OCA — Orientalia Christiana Analecta OCP — Orientalia Christiana Periodica OLA — Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta PG — Patrologiae cursus completus. Series graeca, accurante J.-P. MIGNE, Parisiis 1857–1866. PO — Patrologia Orientalis ROC — Revue de l’Orient Chrétien RRALm — Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei – Rendiconti, classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche RSE — Rassegna di Studi Etiopici RSO — Rivista degli Studi Orientali SAe — Scriptores Aethiopici ZDMG — Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft !  !" # / Khris- tianskij Vostok [An International Journal of Research on the Christian East] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Scrinium Brill

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Varia Aethiopica Scrinium: Revue de patrologie, d’hagiographie critique et d’histoire ecclésiastique Editorial Committee B. Lourié (Editor-in-Chief), St. Pétersbourg D. Nosnitsin (Secretary), Hamburg D. Kashtanov, Moscow S. Mikheev, Moscow A. Orlov, Milwaukee T. Senina, St. Pétersbourg D. Y. Shapira, Jérusalem S. Shoemaker, Oregon Secretariat T. Senina, St. Pétersbourg E. Bormotova, Montréal Scrinium. Revue de patrologie, d’hagiographie critique et d’histoire ecclésiastique, established in 2005, is an international multilingual scholarly series devoted to patristics, critical hagiography, and Church history. Each volume is dedicated to a theme in early church history, with a particular emphasis on Eastern Christianity, while not excluding developments in the western church. Varia Aethiopica In Memory of Sevir B. Chernetsov (1943-2005) Edited by D. Nosnitsin In Collaboration With S. Frantsouzoff L. Kogan B. Lourié  2009 Gorgias Press LLC, 180 Centennial Ave., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA www.gorgiaspress.com Copyright © by Gorgias Press LLC 2009 Originally published in 2005 All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC. 2009 ܕ ISBN 978-1-60724-081-5 ISSN 1817-7530 Scrinium 1 was originally published by Byzantinorossica, St. Petersburg, Printed in the United States of America &'()*+,*)-,()./'*0'1,( (,(*'23452'67809*,70,:;,0<'*'01)) =<),>-;)?)--@'7,(90):A92B8*C !)D@3 $$%C !" !"# $$% CONTENTS !"!#$%!&""'()!*" +, -.-   /0   -1 + 0 23!4)'2! !"!#$%! 56,71-8 +,.-  9 Abbreviations ................................................................................................... xlii Anthropology, History, Philology Alessandro BAUSI. Etiopico  ell a proposito di un’ipotesi recente .................... 3 Dirk BUSTORF. Some Notes on the Traditional Religious System of the ndägañ Gurage ................................................................................ 12 Leonardo COHEN. Who are the «Sons of God»? A Jesuit-Ethiopian Controversy on Genesis 6:2 .......................................... 35 Gianfranco FIACCADORI. Un re di Nubia a Costantinopoli nel 1203 ................. 43 4:;<=;>?@ABC %%D4(E 5Sergei FRANTSOUZOFF. in early geez9  FG GETATCHEW HAILE. The Mäshafä Gnzät as a Historical Source Regarding the Theology of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church ...................... 58 Marilyn E. HELDMAN, Monica S. DEVENS. The Four Gospels of Däbrä Mäar: Colophon and Note of Donation ................................................................. 77 Steven KAPLAN. Ethiopian Prisoners of Zion: the Struggle for Recognition in a Bureaucratic Setting ............................. 100 Manfred KROPP. «Antiquae restitutio legis». Zur Alimentation des Hofklerus und einer Zeugenliste als imago imperii und notitia dignitatum in einer Urkunde des Kaisers Zära Yaqob im Condaghe der Hs. BM Or. 481, fol. 154 .............................................. 115 Basile LOURIÉ. S. Alypius Stylite, S. Marc de Tharmaqa et l’origine des malk éthiopiennes .......................................................... 148 Andreu ALÒS-MONER. The Selling of the N gu: the «Emperor of Ethiopia» in Portuguese and Jesuit Imagination ............ 161 Ronny MEYER. Riddles as Indicator of Cultural and Linguistic Convergence in the Gurage Region ................................... 174 viii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica Denis NOSNITSIN. Wäwähabo qob a wä askema...: Reflections on an Episode from the History of the Ethiopian Monastic Movement ....................................................... 197 Andrei ORLOV. «The Learned Savant Who Guards the Secrets of the Great Gods»: Evolution of the Roles and Titles of the Seventh Antediluvian Hero in Mesopotamian and Enochic Traditions (Part I: Mesopotamian Traditions) ...................... 248 Richard PANKHURST. The Short-Lived Newspaper Abyssinia (1935–1936): a Memory of the League of Nations. ......................................................... 265 Siegfried PAUSEWANG. The Two-Faced Amhara Identity ................................. 273 Wolbert G. C. SMIDT. Deutsche Briefe von Äthiopiern 1855–1869 aus dem Umkreis der protestantischen Mission zur Regierungszeit von Tewodros II .......................................................... 287 Lothar STÖRK. Notizen zu Zaga Krestos .......................................................... 317 Linguistics H,IJ6KL. Semantic Shifts in the Lexical Field of Taste in Geez ........... 325 Olga KAPELIUK. Topicalization in Amharic and its Degrees ........................... 354 Leonid KOGAN. Common Origin of Ethiopian Semitic: the Lexical Dimension ............................................................................... 367 Nikolay OKHOTIN. Some New Epigraphic South Arabian — Ethiopian Etymologies ............................................................................... 397 Renate RICHTER.  und andere Idiome im Amharischen ....................... 402 List of Illustrations Plate I. Sa amär Dam Garamo Ordamo ............................................................ 29 Plate II. Four Gospels of Däbrä Maar, fol. 230v, col. B .................................. 88 Plate III. Four Gospels of Däbrä Maar, fol. 231r .............................................. 89 Plate IV. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154ra ........................................... 124 Plate V. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154rb ........................................... 125 Plate VI. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154va .......................................... 126 Plate VII. Hs. British Museum. Or. 481, fol. 154vb ......................................... 127 Plate VIII. Gobbaw Dästa, Mikael Arägawi, Haylu Wäsän, 7dasät alias Wilhelm Schimper, Säm M el, Aga e Sahlu, Sänbätu Dan 305 Plate IX. Brief des Tewodros II. an Samuel Gobat .......................................... 313 Œ“ –≈ƒ¿ ÷»»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he new scholarly journal «Scrinium» we are herewith presenting to the scientific audience has been conceived as a «journal of patrology, critical hagiography and church history». The obvious shortage of periodicals in these fields is noticeable both inside and outside Russia. The journal welcomes contributions dealing with both Christian Orient and Christian Occident. The main concept of the «Scrinium» crystallized in the process of pub- lication of two related periodicals: the «Byzantinorossika», the journal of St. Petersburg Society of Byzantine and Slavic Studies, and the «Christian Orient» («8#!# (#!»), published by the Russian Academy of Sciences and the State Hermitage. Late F. Michel van Esbroek (1934–2003) played an important role in the development of the idea. The «Scrinium» is planned to appear annually. The first issue is dedicated to the memory of Sevir B. Chernetsov (1943–2005), an outstanding Russian scholar of Ethiopian studies. The materials of the subsequent issues will, in their turn, focus around (without being limited by) a certain topic. Taking into consideration the use of various languages (five in the first issue) and the large scope of themes of the contributions (ranging from an- thropology to Ethio-Semitic linguistics) that reflect the richness and complexity of the contemporary Ethiopian studies, the editors did not attempt a complete standardization of footnotes, bibliographies or transcription systems used by the authors of the contributions. We would also like to point out that the English introduction «Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies» is not a precise translation of its Russian correspondence «N D# E%  ##+ )$ #!. Authors who would like to contribute to the future issues of the journal are kindly asked to use preferably the standard elaborated for the «8#!# (#!». On agreement with the editorial board, other internationally accep- ted standards can be accepted. Along with the printed version, a full-text electronic edition of each volume will be available from the site of St. Peters- burg Society of Byzantine and Slavic Studies (http://byzantinorossica.org.ru/). Editor-in-chief B. Lourié «Scrinium» PO Box 110 St. Petersburg Russia S&P \PLLP]OL=B^^'LTW'HQ —≈¬»– ¡Œ–»—Œ¬»◊ ◊≈–Õ≈÷Œ¬ » –”—— ¿fl ›‘»Œœ»—“» ¿ ( !#! #/#!! ! .U ##!.  & #! .! " #!     ! + #+" !& ! ! *!    ' _ !" #+ ! " ## ##!. 7$  #   )$ " *!+ !.  :' _ !#+" !  ! #!.  7$ &! # ##!     #     ! !. !  # !#' 1!:+ # #!   ##* ##! # -!#+ &  "  ! # 7$  2 #   ! U # #:#. # .! )! #! " ! ! " #!!#+ ! #" # ' _ #.     3 D#& E% ;<F'<A'<=?>@ B>'BA'ABBFC' 7!! # 2 . & +   !.#! "     2 !& #+     `B&!-" *!"  :   : #-"      +!.''' (+# 9*  !" : #!!#  & !. 3' D' E%" &! ! :   *#!#- .& ! 7$ "   !.   #  #  !U 8& :+ #! 7$ + 2 ##  ,##+" !.  4$' a& "  !.  4$ &.  #!! "  #+ #" #!.#!!    *&!    ,##  7$& ' 5 # )!*   #!. ! 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(' 9' !C' ( ! +   !.#+" ! #+ . # -% !% )$& #* ## #.U  !   !.  *& # + !#. !. +!  )   # )$ # !!"  #!  ! : .! 7$ ' (.   :  :  !# * #: ,## #    7$  b !  4 ;<=`C # + +  " -%+ <=<c   #-/ # !+b ## # #!&-% /#! #  #/#!& $# *#!# * # # ! .! !& -' D !"  <=`B&* ' & 6) ;U  " )  !' 'C"  )$ # "  )$ # ;Gz; Ethiopic, Classical Ethiopic) — + " !#+/ #+  #   )$& # !# # !#* + ' 6) !& ! %#! 4# " *:#+  # #! #+: 7$    7!b  XIV '   .: ) #!.- #! !. "  #!#+ #. !! #& + 7$ # # %' 4 *# + " #! ) " +& +!#+ * + 7$   lingua franca #! #!# ! + %#    <==< ' — #! $%. 7$ ' 3#! !#   : #& )$ # !! ) #.  XIX '   #& #  )$ #!' Севир Борисович Чернецов в русской эфиопистике xiii +!.  !*" ! %!+ #!!#-   *#!# (#!  -%" #!! "  * !& !# %##' ( #!#- ) *  #!#!.  !:-  -%& ! .!   .!#.  # .& !%" " !    )   & #"  ' (  !!. ! #$ #!!#*   `B&* 2 #  # " # #!! #!  $# $.!! 2 #. " ) +  !"  ! :+  ' 1& /  )!* * - !. !" ! * !# #& ##. # $%. #!# .! 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(' (' D!  D' 4' _' g+ : + !  #! 3 D# E%' g' 5#% (' k. 3' f% k' a SEVIR BORISOVICH CHERNETSOV AND RUSSIAN ETHIOPIAN STUDIES The present volume is dedicated to Dr. Sevir Borisovitch Chernetsov, a distinguished Russian scholar in the field of Ethiopian Studies and Christian Orient, as a sign of great respect and affection from his pupils, friends and th colleagues. Originally devised as a Festschrift for his 60 birthday, the vo- lume is now published, to our great regret, as a book in his memory. Chernetsov was born 15 December 1943 in Kostroma, where his family was evacuated during World War II; his father was a Red Army officer. Soon after the end of the War, the family moved to Leningrad (formerly St. Peters- burg). Chernetsov became interested in Africa since his youth and, having finished secondary school in 1960, entered the Oriental Faculty of Leningrad State University, at the Department (Chair) of African Studies, section of Amharic philology. By then, the connection to the pre-Revolution Russian tradition of Ethio- pian (and Christian Oriental) Studies in St. Petersburg, formerly represented by such brilliant scholars as Vladimir V. Bolotov and Boris A. Turaiev, was, for the most part, interrupted. The Oriental Faculty, closed as an institution soon after the Revolution, was only re-established in 1944, after a long pe- riod of «administrative experiments». At the Department of African Studies, Amharic was taught, yet students were not introduced to either Gz or Medieval Ethiopic literature and history of Ethiopia. In addition to this, du- ring the 1950s, the image of Ethiopia the Soviet public had was rather vague: the existence of such a unique African Christian monarchy and culture, as well as the period of active relationships between the Russian Empire and Ethio- th th pia in the late 19 — early 20 cent. were seldom recalled. In a few genera- tions, almost all university scholars associated with Christian Oriental Stu- dies prior to the Revolution had disappeared from the academic scene, and their ideas and research fields were excluded from the university curriculum. The editors of the volume express their gratitude to all those who kindly assi- sted them in this work. Among them, in particular, Tatiana Senina (Sister Martha) (St. Petersburg) completed the volume’s lay-out; Elizabeth Fordham (Paris) and Da- vid Emmanuel (Jeruslaem) provided English proof-reading; and Evgenia Sokolin- skaia (Hamburg) processed the pictures printed in the book. We are grateful to Prof. G. Fiaccadori (Milano), who provided kind assistance and gave helpful advices con- cerning numerous problems that arose in editing the volume. From the middle of the 1930s onwards, Nikolaj V. Jushmanov dealt with the topic of Ethio-Semitic languages at Leningrad State University, and courses in Amharic were occasionally offered. The diplomatic relations between Ethiopia and Soviet Russia were interrupted in 1919. Between the 1930s and 50s, the Soviet people heard Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxi At the Oriental Faculty, Ethiopian Studies were more or less re-established in 1963, as Vjacheslav M. Platonov, who had just graduated from the Uni- versity (and was the first to receive an official diploma in «Ethiopian philolo- gy»), began post-graduate course and was granted the position of «assistant» at the Department of African Studies. For the first time, some 60 years after Turaiev, he offered courses in Gz and Ethiopian historiography. How- ever, his teaching was soon interrupted by unexpected developments. In 1964 Igor V. Ogurtsov, a graduate of the Oriental Faculty, with a small group of followers (mostly young people, graduates of the University as well) created an underground organization called «All-Russia Social-Christian Union of the People’s Liberation» (Russian abbreviation: ). According to its program, the aim of this organisation was to change the political system of the country and create a kind of representative, social state that would be bound in its activity to follow the religious principles shared by all Christian peoples. The organization numbered some 28 active and ca. 30 would-be members. It did not, of course, present any real threat to the Soviet govern- ment. However, on 15–17 February 1967 all members were arrested by the KGB and brought to court; some of them were sentenced to severe long-term imprisonments. Platonov was among those arrested, and had to spend seven very little about Ethiopia. The botanist Nikolaj I. Vavilov’s Ethiopian expedition in 1926–1927, yielding important scientific results, was a rare exception. The attention arouse, for a short time, and popular sympathy was rekindled when the Italians in- vaded Ethiopia in 1935: it was probably this occasion that made possible the publica- tion of B. A. Turaiev’s translations of the Ethiopian royal chronicles: Abyssinian Chronicles of XIV–XVI centuries»), ed. by I. J. Krachkovskij, Moscow — Leningrad, 1936 (Trudy Instituta vostokovedenija, XVIII). Diplomatic relations were resumed in 1943 and remained stable and friendly, though somewhat reserved. At the Department of African Studies, Amharic was introduced as a permanent subject in 1947 and taught by Tamara L. Tjutrjumova (1905–1987) and later by Asäffa Gäbrä Maryam. In 1948–49 Ignatij J. Krachkovskij gave a series of lectures at the Oriental Faculty, which were published in 1954 as his («Introduction to Ethiopian Philology»), but the newly esta- blished section of Amharic philology (the precursor of the section of Ethiopian phi- lology) had no proper éthiopisants in its staff. Throughout the 1950–60s Ethiopia was not among the priorities of Soviet foreign policy; however, in the late 1950s the relations intensified, and in 1959 emperor Haylä Sllase I came to the USSR on an official visit. He spent some time in Leningrad, visited Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkammer) and left his signature in the guest book. This visit was to foster the official relations between the two countries !"#$%$&'"( )$"*$$"#$+"#(,''-./ '0%"#(-(12#/%3#$ "$4 5$-' *$&&6; as a result, several Amharic language students from the Oriental Fa- culty were granted, on the initiative of the Ethiopians, a rare opportunity to study for one semester in Addis Abäba. xxii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica years in confinement (plus one year in exile). At the University, the teaching of Gz, Ethiopic literature and Ethiopian history was suspended for a long time. Fortunately, Chernetsov had already been introduced into the field of Ethio- pian Studies and decided to advance the scholarship of Turaev, whose com- plete works on Ethiopian Studies were preserved in the libraries of Lenin- grad. Chernetsov began to study them, while improving, at the same time, his knowledge of Gz, and intensively reading Ethiopic texts. Since the pros- pects of officially specializing in the field of Ethiopian philology were rather uncertain, he turned to another way of remaining within Ethiopian Studies — through ethnography. As he graduated from the University in 1967, Prof. Dmitrij A. Olderogge offered him a position in the African Department of Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkam- mer). At that time, such a proposal meant a very promising start to a young scholar’s career. Besides supporting Chernetsov’s intention to study Ethio- pian culture, Olderogge proposed a topic for his future Ph.D. that would enable him to approach Ethiopian culture more closely, at the cross-roads of history, ethnography and philology. Chernetsov submitted his Ph.D. thesis «Ethio- pian magic scrolls (an experience of the philological and ethnographic study)» in the autumn of 1974, which was accepted as a research project in «Ethno- graphy» (specialization no. 07.00.07). Chernetsov’s Ph. D. research, performed on the basis of the manuscript materials preserved in Leningrad, gave him a deep insight into Ethiopian Christian culture and literature, and was, in fact, the first Ph. D. thesis devo- ted to one of the «classical» topics of Ethiopian Studies presented in St. Pe- tersburg since Turaiev’s time (until then, for more than 50 years, no Gz texts had been published in the USSR). From 1967 onward, Chernetsov worked in the Kunstkammer (historically Russia’s first museum) for the rest of his life, and matured and grew as a scholar there. The Kunstkammer was a unique establishment that united on its premises both an ethnological mu- Platonov, Chernetsov’s close friend, later worked at the Oriental Department of the Russian National Library and only returned to the University teaching in 1992, after official rehabilitation; see 278  9!:; < = >< ? < @>A ?BBC BD4 ? ABE?B< BF!    ! new series 3 (9), 2002, pp. 537–541. Olderogge (1903–1987), a corresponding member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, was then one of the leading scholars of African Studies in the USSR; in 1946–1987 he was the head of the African Studies Department at the Oriental Facul- ty, and also the Director of the Department («section») of African Ethnography of the Kunstkammer. It should be noted that the present foreword does not obviously seek to cover the entire history of Ethiopian Studies in the Soviet Union, especially in Moscow, where the field has experienced an independent development. Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxiii seum and a research institution. Here he gained access to rich first-hand Ethiopian materials: large collections of photographs, objects of material th culture, manuscripts, and paintings, gathered mostly by the late 19 to early th 6 20 -cent. Russian travellers to Ethiopia. The Department of Africa, headed by Olderogge, was known for its «interdisciplinary approach» and atmosphe- re of active and very creative scholarly communication between colleagues (most of them became well-known specialists as well), who were also close friends. This compensated for the scarcity of opportunities to participate in scholarly life abroad and to visit African countries. As time showed, the lat- ter circumstances did not prevent, but, interestingly enough, helped Chernet- sov to establish himself as a scholar. Chernetsov’s scholarly methods and views on the history and culture of Ethiopia were shaped by his practical work with manifold sources, ranging from objects of material culture to manuscripts. He gave a preference to the study of the large corpus of written sources — the most peculiar feature dis- tinguishing Ethiopia from most other African cultures — and, consequently, recognised the need of mastering Ethiopian languages and the bases of philo- logy. However, in the collections of the Kunstkammer he discovered an op- portunity to «touch with his own hands» things described in written sources. Through his studies, he developed the capacity to look in-depth, discover and grasp the essence and driving force of any phenomenon in political or reli- gious life, and then expose and explain them all within the historical and cultural context of the Ethiopian Highlands — or, further, of the whole (Chris- tian) Orient. As some Western colleagues, which were familiar with his works, later said: «he always hits the point». Another admirable quality he definitely possessed was a clear understanding of the continuity of the Ethiopian cultu- ral tradition from the ancient and medieval down to modern times (with a clear picture of the famous «Biblical atmosphere»). As a result, not only did he have a thorough knowledge of the Ethiopian material he was directly deal- ing with, but also mastered those themes that were apparently not in the com- petence of a historian studying the (Ethiopian) Middle Ages. In the 1970s, while working in the Kunstkammer, Chernetsov selected the main fields of his scholarly activity for the years to come. Initially, following Turaiev, he intended to study and publish Ethiopian hagiographic works. He translated into Russian two well-known Ethiopian hagiographies: «The Life of Yafqrannä gzi» and «The Life of our mother Wälättä e"ros». Both translations were prepared for the Russian Orthodox Church Patriarchate’s journal     , but only the first one was printed, as an anony- They comprise approximately one third of the 12,000 items in the Kunstkam- mer’s African collection. E. Ullendorff, Ethiopia and the Bible, London 1968, 3. xxiv Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica mous publication. Anonymity was the price he paid for the opportunity of publishing the text. Soviet scholars were not allowed to write for Church periodicals; the prohibition could only be circumvented through pseudonyms or anonymity. Chernetsov soon gave up his cooperation with : not indeed because of the KGB, but for the publication of the «Life of Wälättä e"ros» was rejected by Church censorship. During an era of ecu- menical activity by the Russian Orthodox Church (heralded by the journal), th the image of a 17 -cent. Ethiopian holy nun furiously struggling against Ca- tholicism was probably deemed to be too bold and challenging. Notwithstan- ding this situation, in the 1970–80s, while studying an exotic Christian cultu- re, Chernetsov was able to preserve his scholarly integrity under the state’s careful supervision of the academic circles’ activities. As he stressed later, he never had to revise or hide his views and could express them in his publica- tions, in the words he considered appropriate, with no serious consequences. Additionally, for Chernetsov, intellectual freedom also meant an unbiased approach to the object of research. In his studies, he did not let his personal sympathy towards Ethiopian culture and the people prevail over his scholarly analysis and influence it’s results. Working on a Christian culture, he always wrote as a scholar and never followed the example of those researchers who studied the tradition by «adopting it» — the position for which he was some- times blamed, but usually greatly respected by his colleagues. A Russian stu- dent of Ethiopia, he inevitably became a bit «Ethiopian», but only in his he- art, not in his scholarly work. Later in the 1970s, Chernetsov turned to yet another topic — Ethiopian historiography, which became his major field of studies. Within ca. 15 years, he prepared and published annotated Russian translations of some ten Ethio- pian historiographic works, and produced two monographs devoted mostly th to the political, but also religious and social history of Ethiopia from the 14 th to the 17 cent. The first one, Ethiopian Feudal Monarchy in XIII–XVI Cen- turies, was defended as his habilitation (doctoral) thesis in 1984. The sec- , G10, 1973, pp. 225–251. Chernetsov continued the work of Turaiev (s. above, n. 2), which ended with the Chronicle of King Minas (1559–1563), striving to bring to the Russian public the entire corpus of the Ethiopian royal chronicles published in Europe. Thus, he pub- lished chronicles of the following kings: Sära Dngl (1563–1597), Susnyos (1607– 1632), Yoanns I (1667–1682), Iyasu I (1682–1706), Bäkaffa (1721–1730), Iyasu II (1730–1755) and his mother Brhan Mogasa, Iyoas (1755–1769); additionally, he published the «Vita» of Iyasu I (1682–1706), the «Histories» of ras Mikael Shul and däazma Haylä Mikael äte, and the «History of the Galla» written by the monk Bary. Published as: XIII–XVI !C BH BI B!JK Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxv ond one, Ethiopian Feudal Monarchy in the XVII Century, treats one of the most complicated and interesting periods of Ethiopian history and is one of Chernetsov’s best works. In this study, he did not attempt to describe all the events of that era and list all the sources. Instead, as a true historian, he intro- th duces 17 -cent. Ethiopian history as a synthetic process, searches for its de- cisive internal and external factors and discusses their nature. Besides these monographs, in 1970–80s Chernetsov published a number of essays on diverse issues relating to Ethiopian culture and history, ranging from the problems of the history of the early-Solomonic Ethiopian monarchy to the social sources of the 1974 Ethiopian revolution. In the 1980s, he took part in numerous conferences, mostly in the USSR. He rarely went abroad, yet foreign (including Ethiopian) colleagues quickly recognized him as a se- rious expert in matters relating to Ethiopia, and never identified him with those people who were involved in the official Soviet policy towards the «friendly» regime of Mängstu Haylä Maryam. In the middle of the 1980s, Chernetsov became acquainted with Manfred Kropp, one of the leading Ger- man Orientalists, this meeting being followed by many years of scholarly cooperation and friendship. In the second half of the 1980s, the political situation in Russia was marked by a quick series of deep changes. From that time onwards, Russian scholar- ship had to exist in a new reality, with all of its consequences. The state support to scholarly institutions and scholarships was decreasing. Russian Oriental and African Studies faced substantial difficulties, while the institu- tions in St. Petersburg (the Kunstkammer in particular) found themselves in a very troubled situation. All this notwithstanding, for Chernetsov the subse- quent period, from the end of 1980s, was a fruitful time. The political regime in Ethiopia changed in 1991. At this time, the Russian government had nei- ther the capacity nor the interest in any kind of active policy in the Horn of Africa, but precisely then classical Ethiopian Studies were finally «restor- Published as: XVII !C BHBI B! 12 th Chernetsov took part in 8 International Conference of Ethiopian Studies in th th th Addis Ababa (1984), the 9 in Moscow (1986), the 10 in Paris (1988), the 11 in th Addis Ababa (1991) and the 15 in Hamburg (2003). His articles were also published th th in the proceedings of the 4 (Rome, 1972) and the 13 (Kyoto, 1997) conferences, though he didn’t attend them. In 1991, Chernetsov had an opportunity to see a turning point in Ethiopian history with his own eyes. In that year, he spent about one month in Ethiopia and th participated in the 11 Conference of Ethiopian Studies (1–6 April, 1991). The con- ference took place under unique circumstances: the participants understood that they were watching the last days of Mängstu Haylä Maryam’s regime, who fled from st Ethiopia on the 21 of May. Shortly before, while troops of several liberation move- ments were battering the government forces and encircling Addis Abäba, all Soviet xxvi Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica ed» and received official recognition at St. Petersburg University. Since the beginning of 1990s, Chernetsov actively cooperated with the Department of African Studies of the Oriental Faculty teaching Gz and giving lectures on different aspects of Ethiopian history and culture, and sharing his knowledge with any interested student. During the same period, he penned most of his publications. He was offered various opportunities to work abroad and in 1994 and 1999 taught at the Seminar für Orientkunde at Mainz University. In the late 1990s, he took an active part in resuming the publication of the journal (Christian Orient), which was founded in 1912, clo- sed in 1922, and some 75 years later re-established as a periodical of the Rus- sian Academy of Sciences and the State Hermitage. His vivid participation in the publication of this journal was emblematic: apart from his profound know- th ledge and understanding of Ethiopian material, like another great 20 -century master of Ethiopian Studies, Enrico Cerulli, he viewed Ethiopia as a geo- graphical part of Africa historically connected to the wider cultural milieu of the Christian Orient. Chernetsov was not only one of the most distinguished Russian éthiopi- sants and scholars of the Christian Orient, but also one of the few who had a clear vision of the aims and tasks of the studies and were also able to explain and popularise them, both in Russia and outside. He performed the latter task throughout by using every available means: his university lectures and other teaching activities, publications (for his bibliography, see pp.11L), partici- pation in boards of scholarly journals and committes, collaborations with va- rious reference books and encyclopaedias (including the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica for which he wrote some 96 articles, and The Russian Orthodox Encyclopaedia). Besides his books and articles, Chernetsov had a sympathetic and attrac- tive personality. His lectures were never boring, and he frequently inserted into his scholarly discussions interesting stories from the lives of historical characters and his own rich experiences. Clearly understanding the complexity of the problems that Ethiopian (and Oriental) Studies had to face, both in Russia and in other countries, he kept a habit of realism and optimism at the same time. Quite modest and not at all ambitious in day-to-day life, he was absolutely uninterested in acquiring the «glory of this world». He had chosen citizens were recommended to leave urgently Ethiopia. Chernetsov was one of the last to depart when EPRDF (Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front) troops were entering the city (since that time, he never had the opportunity to return). In the Kunstkammer, where Chernetsov had worked all his life, he held several times the position of head of the African Section. He was acting head of the African Section from 1 March 1992 until 31 August 1993, and then from 1 February to 21 Octo- ber 2002; on 21 October 2002 he was confirmed as the head of the African Section by the Museum’s Academic Board. Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov and Russian Ethiopian Studies xxvii his way of life and simply stuck to it, working till the last days of his life (he died on 3 February 2005, after a long and hard illness), according to one of his main principles: «If you can’t light a big fire, keep a candle alight and pass it to others». One can say that this has been fulfilled: he did keep «his candle alight» and pass it to his pupils. His friends and colleagues shall re- member him, and any Russian student looking for literature on Ethiopia shall no doubt come across the most interesting and informative books by Cher- netsov. th Thus, from the beginning of the 19 cent. there have always been Russian enthusiasts who cultivated an interest in Ethiopian culture and the Orient. In the past, there were scholars like Bolotov and Turaev; our generation found such person in Sevir Borisovich Chernetsov. D. Nosnitsin B. Lourié S. Frantsouzoff L. Kogan ¡»¡À»Œ√–¿‘»fl –¿¡Œ“ —≈¬»–¿ ¡Œ–»—Œ¬»◊¿ ◊≈–Õ≈÷Œ¬¿* [A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SEVIR B. CHERNETSOV] O  PQ    R S QTT  !" !#R $Q%UVT& 'W(QX " &&)R SR)  & W*+Y((Z, P(-[\]& R ^N_`a[ b.cbd e %      TT " )^N_`afb[ Ng_cNhh ij O k Q / RZ l #m R% !Q (  !e %nTT , Q%# Q  e X0 T& 'X" &&) SR)  $oR #m +'(p$  !(-[)]&  ^ N_`g[ ah1cahb +%#  -iqr " "e"kTT (Q)]X(  P ) !%  S^N_`g^ fN1 [*aa.ca.N X  " %S S  STT& (Q X^" ^ P )^N_`gfb+& X  (X -[ NahcNg1 e %  l%Q   R "  ( n   (  R !% ((  S l1`111`nTXR " &&) SR)  & '[\^N_`h [ a` 233456789:23i;546<6423s==5k>>3426tR?3@3=^ A@6B426ClNb1gcNb1hnTTUu*6@3556U43v6=3>84D>B46C w$##  o#Q   oQQ( ( Z  PS%R QS #( P !% QS##  S( QSx P % QS #  PQ Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxix lE6y^N1cN.C=N_`anE6yN_`hl>3y>3F3g`N^z6G=3y 44D=>83v3>*D=4D^N_Nnu6=U^Cd1gcd1d e %   # )elfa._NhRNhn $ PTTX P  ( R (  T& 'X" &&)R SR) #) % " ]# W VVVU[\]&  ^N_`.[ a11ca1` e %    VuUU  TT R !" !#$Q%VT& 'W(QXR " &&) SR)  & W*UUU +Y((Z, P(-[\]&  ^N_`.[ aN_caa. N1 ,% " %S%QS   li R S  kn# )eTTX P  ( R (  T& 'X" &&)R SR) #) % " ]# W VVVU[\]&  ^N_`.[ a1dcaab NN {  S  |l,%Q# (} nTTe  Z R PQ!%(]#T& 'X" &&)R SR)  +Y((Z, P(-[)]&  ^N_``[ Ndc h. Na H P(   "!e R % VUUUcVUu TTe  Z  PQ! %(]#T& 'X" &&) SR )  +Y((Z, P(-[)]&  ^N_``[ N.gc N__ Ng)o$)^ iX k "R !TT  !" !# $Q%VU T& 'W(QX " &&) SR )  & W*u+Y((Z, P(-[\]&  ^ N_`d [ N.NcN_a Nh e %! %!Q!#i ,% R ( kTTY !#$Q%abld_n0  T ''!Y #m +, (  YR !-[\]&  ^N_`d[ b1cb. xxx Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica N. & (% ! +*N.bcN`h-x%( ]j /  r# % l% ( ] W   #SVUucVuU  ^+Y((X p { R -[& '^W(Q   (W VuUUU[)^ \]X(  P & '^N_gb[g1_n+ gNdcga`-xe %SR Q}!    + gadcggg-TTX jR r ^\~{## P[)]&  ^N_`_ Nb (  e %Z !~%lR ( S( QS PS PnTT Q R (Q$ $Q%VVUld1n  O ^" ^] #T& 'O #m '^$ R xY(#m(Z, P([)]&  ^N_d1[ NadcNh` N` &Q # o( (# ! o!      S QR Q !  e %TT  !" R !#$Q%VUUT& 'W(QX " &&) SR)  & W*UV+Y((Z, P(R -[\]&  ^N_d1 [ NdNcN_h Nd H P(   e % Vu TT& R (Q X^" ^ P )^N_d1f.+& 'X  (X -[ b.c`b 19. Chernetsov S. B. Zu den Veränderungen der gesellschaftspolitischen Lexik in der modernen amharischen Sprache und der Sprachsituation im revo- lutionären Äthiopien // Sozialer Wandel in Afrika und die Entwicklung von Formen und Funktionen afrikanischer Sprachen. Hrsg. von D. A. Olderogge und S. Brauner (Linguistische Studien Reihe A, Arbeitspapiere, 64), Ober- lungwitz: Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR. 1980, Seiten 120–143. a1 &Q%(% } P% %S}(" %! i Q !kTTe % R ( X PQT& 'X xY(( OQ[)]&  ^N_dN[ abcgN aN X  P  " %S} l(R %#  ( O( %( nTTY !#R $Q% a`l_1nX   T& ''!Y R #m +, (  Y !-[\]&  ^N_dN[ N1bcN1d Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxi aa ) ^} %P  (  ! e %TT)  P  P #) R % " T& 'X" &&)R SR) #) % " ]# W VVVuUU^\]&  ^N_dN[*NNhcNag agY ^ Y  iO( P) e %k" (C  O#j!   !( [(" %R S%  !TT  !" !# $Q%VUUUT& 'W(QX " &&) SR )  & W*VU+Y((Z, P(-[\]&  ^ N_da[ Na`cNb1 ah)o$)^ (Q S S% iq \ # Qkle %nTT  !" R !#$Q%VUUUT& 'W(QX " & &) SR)  & W*VU+Y((Z, P(R -[\]&  ^N_da[ NhacN`. a. {%S}(o" %( !kTT  !" !#R $Q% VUUU T& 'W(QX " &&)R SR)  & W*VU+Y((Z, P(-[\] &  ^N_da[ aghcagd ab e %  ( P  S VUUUcVuU T '^X" &&) SR)  [)]& R ^N_da [g1_ a` {P   e % o % TTW ( P[)] &  ^N_dg[ Nh1cNh` ad e %]"%   lh1c`1R (Qn TT' Q (Q$Q%Ng[)]&  ^N_dg[ NNgcNg` a_ e %  ( P  S VUUUcVuU R S   (   !%( S l1`111gnT\OIq(  ^$Q! R P[\^N_dg[g. g1 X%(%Q " %% R P  (!( } #m R% !} e % #}VUVjj  TT  !" R xxxii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica !#$Q%VUuT& 'W(QX " &&) SR)  & W*VUUU+Y((Z, PR (-[\]&  ^N_dh[ dbcNa1 gN e %SVuUcVuUU  T& '^ X" &&) SR)  x (, W  R [)]&  ^N_dh[g_1 ernetsov S. B. Historische Wurzeln der äthiopischen Revolution // Ethnographisch-Archaeologische Zeitschrift. Bd. 26, 1985, Seiten 11–21. gg ,## !!  iX k[% R " %!  VuU  TTX PQ (  Y# Q P  P " %a[)]&  ^N_db[ NahcNg1 ghY  $)^ e % %  TT '%    P ( $ ,{% T& ',( X  ( ( $ )  Q ( [)]&  ^N_d`[ a1Ncah1 g. e %    TTX ! R QWhT& 'X !  Q)OPR x (p $%%[)]&  ^N_d`[ .bdc.`N gb e     e %TTe R S ]#T& 'X" &&) SR)  x ( r{  ^\~{## P[)] &  ^N_dd[ NgdcNh_ g` e %    TTX ! R QW.T& 'X !  Q)OPR x ( $W  [)]&  ^N_dd[ bhhcbh_ 38. Chernetsov S. B. Who wrote «The History of King Sarsa Dengel» — was it the Monk Bahrey? // Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, University of Addis Ababa, [26–30 November] 1984. Ed. by Taddese Beyene. Addis Ababa — Frankfurt-am-Main 1988. Vol. I, pp. 131–136. 39.Chernetsov S. B. Medieval Ethiopian Historiographers and their Methods // Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress of Ethiopian Stu- Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxiii dies, Moscow, 26–29 August 1986. Ed. by A. A. Gromyko. Moscow: Nauka, 1988. Vol. V, pp. 191–200. h1 e %SVuUUcVuUUU  T& '^ X" &&) SR)  x+$ (  o^ %" % x (p{Y% !- [ )]&  ^N_d_[gda hN e %    TTX ! R QWbT& 'X !  Q)OPR x (XW[)]&  ^N_d_[ `Nhc`N` ha Y(  ] S !$ (R ]Y P+e %VUV ]Z   R -[)]Z ^N_d_ hg e %  ( P  S VuUU T& '^X" &&) SR)  [)]&  ^ N__1[gag hh e %SVuUUU  T& '^XR "  % &&) SR)  x+$ (^ %" %^  o x (&) OR -[)]&  ^N__N[g.b h. e %    TTX ! R QW`T& 'X !  Q)OPR x (X ![)]&  ^N__N[ `11c`1g hb &  P }% ( e R %VuUU [iq  !$  YkTTeR %Q}}% (x (A !R #^X {x& 'X" &&) SR )  [ Y#]&  ^N__N[ g_c.. h` Y   ]{ %!'X% +Y % P]E5v>Kapuiski N_`d-x'  ( ^ X  ([)]&  ^N__a 48. Chernetsov S. B. On the Origin of the Amhara // St. Petersburg Journal of African Studies. Vol. 1 (1993), C. 97–103. xxxiv Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica 49. Chernetsov S. B. Ethiopian Magic Literature // St. Petersburg Journal of African Studies. Vol. 3 (1994), C. 109–117. 50. Chernetsov S. B. The Crisis of Ethiopian Royal Historiography and th its Consequences in the 18 Century // Ethiopian Studies at the End of the Second Millennium, Proceedings of the XIVth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, November 6–11, 2000, Addis Ababa. Ed. by Baye Yimam et al. Addis Ababa 1994. Vol. I, C. 87–101. 51. Chernetsov S. B. The Role of Catholicism in the History of Ethiopia th e of the First Half of the 17 Century // Études éthiopiennes. Actes de la X con- férence internationale des études éthiopiennes, Paris, 24–28 août 1988. Vo- lume I. Édité par C. Lepage avec le concours de É. Delage. Paris 1994, pp. 205–212. 52. Chernetsov S. B. On the Question of Royal Succession during Zague Period // St. Petersburg Journal of African Studies. Vol. 4 (1995), pp. 103–117. 53. Chernetsov S. B. Investigation in the Domain of Hagiological Sources for the History of Ethiopia after Boris Turayev // St. Petersburg Journal of Af- rican Studies. Vol. 5 (1995), pp. 114–124. .h X (  #   SR e %%  W  TT{  ]e R ($Q%VT'&)! % " Y $ l{  n[ Y#]Y#$ (R ^N__b[ g.bcgba 55. Chernetsov S. B. On the Problem of Ethnogenesis of the Amhara // Der Sudan in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart (Sudan Past and Present). Hrsg. von R. Gundlach, M. Kropp, A. Leibundgut. (Nordostafrikanisch/Westasia- tische Studien, 1), Frankfurt am Main [u.a.]: Lang. 1996, pp. 17–35. .b e %  ( } %Pl% !{ QnTT{  ]e  ($Q% VUT'&)! % " Y $ l{R n[ Y#]Y#$ (^N__`[ a``ca_d .` Y   ( $ X !# TTq   q   P  (R ! P)^N__`fglN.n[ a`cad 58. Chernetsov S. B. Ethiopian Traditional Painting (with Special Refe- rence to the Kunstkamera Collection of Ethiopian Painting) // Ethiopia in Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxv Broader Perspective. Papers of the XIIIth International Conference of Ethio- pian Studies, Kyoto, 12–17 December 1997. Ed. by Katsuyoshi Fukui, Eisei Kurimoto, Masayoshi Shigeta. Kyoto 1997. Vol. III, pp. 3–34 + pls. 1–14. 59. Chernetsov S. B. Ethiopian painting No. 2591-1 from the Kunstka- mera Collection / New Offsprings of Addis Ababa Fine Art School, Addis Ababa 1997. b1 0 ^%  % P(R N11   (TTq   q   P (! P)^N__dfhla1n[ gdcg_ bN Y  e %    TTq P! % :23€6D=6866=6@<> 86R =426C6=6@< Y#^N__dfh[ `.cdd ba i{ %    !  $ P()R " Pk[% !})  UUTTj !$]+*^%R m oS ! PQ (  -T {  '&X #m!H  PR ( S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y R !) fNl`n[ Y#] !x)]X^N___[ aghcadb bg qm  P   S" %!(R !S !  QTT  ] # $Q%a] qm   S  S S (QS#m T RY#R (QSQSx{  '& )! % " Y $ l{  nx '( P#( P)0[ Y#]X(  P RY#R ^N___[ N``ca1g bh (  " %S}S QSl % ( PnTT)  % ( P]#$Q%a) R Q ! ^ahcab   N___TX! QlY!(n'&,(   P  '(R (  { [ Y#^#T^N___[ adNcad` b. ' P Q! e %TT) Q  PR ]$/ % (l)  Q ^oPN__dn]# ~ O$( T'&X!  Q[ Y#] { ^N___ [ ahgcah` bb $ #     " %!  R TT  ]#m ^ P ^Ql (Q! R Q!(  n])  Q Q(!&  R ^ ! RY#.c` N__dT, (X$ (R !^Z) ( [)^#T^N___[ .1c.h xxxvi Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica 67. Chernetsov S. B. The aerial Flight of Alexander the Great in Ethiopian Painting and Literature // Oriens Christianus. Vol. 83 (1999), pp. 177–186. bd #e %! N`aN( % (R TTXZ !H   QS (Sjj  ]) R Q R ! ^% m!N11R o( Q$$   lNh Nd.h[.lNdn %N_11n^+Ndca1 % a111-T, ({ lO n^ S%WS !)S R Y ![ Y#]X(  P O( e } ^a111[ NgdcNh. b_Y /\^ '!   }#% R e %]I(  P }P(P# ~ $  ( TT  (]~}Q! Q!#m R R% !} TX  ('&X '&)]&  ^#T[ a_cg1 `1 '(   O# lNdhhcN_Nan^ " %%  )  UUTTjR !$]+*^% m oS ! PR Q (  -T{  '&X #m!R H  P( S   !x{ Oe }xO ([Y !) faldn[ Y#] !x )]X^a111+a11N-[ adhca_d `N Z ^% m  W  +(R $  iW !%P   (  (R (  W  k^a111-TTj !$] +*^% m oS ! PQ ( -T{  '&X #m!H R P( S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) f aldn[ Y#] !x)]X^ a111+a11N- [ gdbcgd_ `a*233456789E235>;666B426CA@5TTj R !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ R (  -T{  '&X #m! H  P( S   !x{  O e }xO ([Y !) faldn[ Y#] !x)] X^a111+a11N-[ g.c.. `g e %!(    ^Nd_dcNd__TT $$X 4U544D465‚34=5falN1n . [*Y#]X($ ^a11N^*hchN Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxvii `h * ^  O) $P  ' !lN R N_aa[_  a11Nn+ -TT$$X 4U544D465‚34=5falN1n.[*Y#]X($R ^a11N [*_Nc_h `. &  PQ! %  !e %] %  |TT)   fa[*Y#]i~ %!!(k^ a11N[*`bcdh `b ,% S ~  ^" % S VUu  o S%% , "  e %o Nb`_ " %R S QS!TTz4yR95ƒ;>35 lXR   !} n^fglN.dn~ ](R iOR ok&&'^a11N[*h_c.b `` ,i % (QS   Sk[" %% m R TTHyperboreus. Studia classica. In memoriam A. I. Zaicev. Petropoli: Verlag C. H. Beck München, vol. 7, fascNca^a11N^CChN`chNd `d Y  $)^ i{ } }^  (R ! % ( #X  kW  j !  W  e" [( % QS% (! S !  QTTj !$] +XS ! PQ (  -T{ '&X #m!H  P( R S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ N`acabd `_ ^{( o$ )S !   Y R !" #$ nTTj !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ (  - T{ '&X #m!H  P( R S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ .g`c.hN d1 W" "RH (Q)"l#PN_N.[o P a111 n%  &'  () ((* 1908 +,, — - 1997 +,,nTT j !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ (  -T{  '&X #m! H  P( S   !x{ Oe }xO ( [Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] R !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ .hac.h_+ S !% (] )"(SQW" "! "]*.h_c..g- dN*233456789„6y>D4264<6C@356B426C*25R 4J3>37==434D3TTj !$]+*^% m oS ! PQ (  -T{ '&X #m!H  P( R S   !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fgl_n[ Y#] !x)]X^a11N+a11a-[ g.hcg`g xxxviii Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica da (P#QS     'TT '  X P^a11a]#TA6  & R Q! i' P ! kxO ([&  $[)] &  ^a11a[ `ca1 dg X !" %l # nTT)   fa[*Y#]i~ %!!(k^a11a [ *Ndcg. dh Z!  , P( %P S R % STT$ R  #m ] R PTX  ('&X '& Y#^ a11gf.[ Nd1cNdh d. Z!  , P( i (! R kTTZ!  , P( %P S % R ST'&^)ex ( Y#^a11g[ h_c.N dbY /\^ ~ !$  ( !   e % QTT{  ]e R ($Q%VUUUT'&)! % " Y $ l{  n[ Y#]Y#$ R (^a11g[ addca_. d` e %      TT)   R f.[ Y#]i~ %!!(k^a11g[ N1bcNN1 dd m]+&)O-TT{R ]e  ($Q%VUUUT'&)! %R " Y $ l{  n[ Y#]YR #$ (^a11g[ gNgcgN` d_Chernetsov S. B. «The Book of Narration of Wäyzäro Bafäna Wäldä Mika’él», the First Wife of Menilek II // Saints, Biographies and History in Africa. Ed. by B. Hirsch, M. Kropp. Frankfurt am Main 2003 (Nordostafrika- nisch/Westasiatische Studien, 5). '. 65–114. 90. Chernetsov S. B. A Short Story of St. Täklä Haymanot’s Ancestors and his «Heritage» (rist) in Däbra-Libanos Version of his Vita // Oriens Chris- tianus. Vol. 87 (2003), C. 130–139. e % % Q ( P   !"QT '!  (& ^)! % " Y $ l{  nx (~' [*Y#])e'&^a11h +a11.-[aNd Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xxxix &  " %%   ~ % e %TT'  X P^a11h]#TA6 & Q! i' P ! kxO (&  $[ )]&  ^a11h[*a`gcg1g _g * \ Q % QW ^ #     O#X  Nd_h^% (R TT8C4…3y3X ( %p}! QS ! Pb1R ) Y T Q!( $ ( [)]i$    k^ a11h[ gggcgh1 _. }#  ]  R (P# " % ~ ^   Z # #^ %(!!( # # !}!! (TTYPQ % $ Nlan^a11.[*hgcb.+%(  %# 0  - _b X  P %   " %! (  ! TT?;‚JU†BJY & OR ]# ![*Y#^a11.[*.cN. 97. Chernetsov S. Ethiopian Theological Responses to European Missio- th th nary Proselitizing in the 17 /19 Centuries // Ethiopia and the Missions: His- torical and Anthropological Insights. Ed. by Verenà Böll, Steven Kaplan, Andreu Martínez d’Alòs-Moner, Evgenia Sokolinskaia. Berlin: Lit-Verlag, 2005, pp. 53–62. —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, ÓÔÛ·ÎËÍÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚: œ‡‚ÓÒ·‚̇ˇ ˝ÌˆËÍÎÓÔ‰ˡ / ÷ÂÍÓ‚ÌÓ-̇ۘÌ˚È ˆÂÌÚ ´œ‡‚ÓÒ·‚̇ˇ ˝ÌˆËÍÎÓÔ‰ˡª Z Q!x#  x#   x#(x#"e"x#"S x # (x# l   $) P Qnx((R## x(R S x {"x!# !l  R ‡0  Qn !" x(")  Px  l ( Ua]  e %! H + -nx $   "" (x " x") ˆ xl Scrinium I (2005). Varia Aethiopica % ""    & xS (X# S PRO x "( R) P '"&   ("& ) $ o^Z}!x  x "  x$  Yx$ P( W "x$ P(## x$ Sl ( ]e %! % %$ S + R #%% 0  -nx —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, ÓÔÛ·ÎËÍÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚: Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, ed. by S. Uhlig Vol. I (A–C), Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, 2003: Abägaz; Abägaz, abeto; Abugida and Hahu; Admas Mogäsa; Afä qesar; Aggafari; Ansasyos; Aqaen; Aqqabe ray; Aano; Asallafi; Aärä Krstos; Asbo; Askal; Asmat; Atnatewos; Ato [   Merid Wolde Aregay]; Azma Azza ; Bäal däräba; Bäg mälkä a; Ba r näga : before th w the 18 century; Baläge; Baläm al; Balgäda; Bara; Ba a; Bati Dl Wämbära; Bäträ Giyorgis; Blä Krestos; Blä nägät; Betä Krstos; Bitwäddäd; Blatten geta; Bolläd; Bolotov,Vasiliy Vasilievich; Bukko; Bulatovich, Alexan- der Ksaverjevich; ällänqo; Cavalry. Vol. II (D–Ha), Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, 2005: Dägälhan; Dään; Däggafi; Darägot, azma; Dorn, Johannes-Albrecht-Bern- hard; leni [Admas Mogäsa]; leni, wäyzaro; lf askälkay; Elyas; mmäbet; ndärta; nfraz [    LaVerle Berry]; nkoye; ntio [  R Wolbert Smidt]; Epistolography; qa bet; skndr; slam Sägäd; slam Sägäd (slamo); Fanuel; Färis; Fasil Gärram; Fha Krstos; Fiqtor; Fitawrari; Gäbrä Krstos, monk; Gäbrä Krstos, king; Gäbrä Maryam, ba r näga ; Gäbrä Maryam, abbot; Gäbrä llase, äge; Gäbre Täsfa; Gäbrel and Mikael; an Bädl; an Bet; Gändäbta; Genealogy, dynastic; Go u; Halibo; awarya Krstos; aylä Mikael  äte; aylu Täwäldä Mädhn. √ÓÚÓ‚ËÚÒˇ Í Ô˜‡ÚË: ^Y  $)^0 X" %R !%P Y#^ ( o a11` [*233456789:5@35566423†6y56‰3y=393276D 423837343342*34D<B426C[423;3636423iF366DJ6423 „=44z3465kTTj !$]**^% m o S ! PQ (  +T{  '&XR #m!H  P( S R !x{  Oe }xO ([Y !) fh lN1n[ Y#[ .bc`a [*233456789B426Cy@=434D3TT8Dyq % R ^!   !+K735DyHagio- graphicum: Mémorial R. P. Michel van Esbroeck, s. j.lN_ghca11gn-T R Библиография работ Севира Борисовича Чернецова xli Y#,#m   R S ( !U544DR 4Dyz2=6=Dyfala11bn[*Y#]i$  k — Chernetsov S.B. On the Reasons of Empress aytu’s Anger which th Came down upon Afäwärq Gäbrä Iyäsus in 1894 // Proceedings of the 15 International Conference of Ethiopian Studies. Hamburg. —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, „ÓÚÓ‚ˇ˘ËÂÒˇ Í Ô˜‡ÚË ‚ œ‡‚ÓÒ·‚ÌÓÈ ˝ÌˆËÍÎÓÔ‰ËË: Z #  #xZ #  SQ!xZ # ## !xO # XxO # ) R {((xO # ) SxO # )  PxO # ) " PxO # xO (  + 0  Q-xO ( xO  x O (^X + 0  Q-xOHQOR xO! QxO!& Q!xO"+ 0 R Q-xO ^ $ 0xO( xO"^Z  (xO, —Ú‡Ú¸Ë —. ¡. ◊Â̈ӂ‡, „ÓÚÓ‚ˇ˘ËÂÒˇ Í Ô˜‡ÚË ‚ Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, vols. IIIñIV: Hzqyas; Historiography, Ethiopic; Infantry; Iyasu II; Iyoas II; Krs- todulo, abunä (d. 1735); Leontiev, N. S.; Liqä mak as; Magic scrolls; Mälä- kotawit; Mäläkotawit, wäyzaro; Rinhuber, L.; ä afe tzaz; Script, Ethio- pic: cultural and historical aspects; Sisgayo; Turaev, B. A. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AÉ — Annales d’Éthiopie BHG —F. HALKIN, Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca, vols. I–III, Bruxelles 1957 (Subsidia hagiographica, 8a) BHO —P. PEETERS, Bibliotheca Hagiographica Orientalis, Bruxelles 1910 (Subsidia hagiographica, 10) BSOAS — Bulletin of the School of the Oriental and African Studies CSCO — Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium DEB —BELAYNESH MICHAEL — S. CHOJNACKI — R. PANKHURST (eds.), The Dictionary of Ethiopian Biography. I [Early Times to c. 1270 A.D.], Addis Ababa 1975 EÆ —S. UHLIG (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, vol. I: A–C, Wiesbaden 2003; vol. II: D-Ha, Wiesbaden 2005 JES — Journal of Ethiopian Studies LTK — Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, vols. I–XIII, völlig neue bearbeitete Auflage, Freiburg im Breslau 1993–2001 MRALm — Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei — Memorie, classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche OC — Oriens Christianus OCA — Orientalia Christiana Analecta OCP — Orientalia Christiana Periodica OLA — Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta PG — Patrologiae cursus completus. Series graeca, accurante J.-P. MIGNE, Parisiis 1857–1866. PO — Patrologia Orientalis ROC — Revue de l’Orient Chrétien RRALm — Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei – Rendiconti, classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche RSE — Rassegna di Studi Etiopici RSO — Rivista degli Studi Orientali SAe — Scriptores Aethiopici ZDMG — Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft !  !" # / Khris- tianskij Vostok [An International Journal of Research on the Christian East]

Journal

Scrinium – Brill

Published: Mar 30, 2005

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