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Biochemical targets of xenobiotics: Biomarkers in amphibian ecotoxicology Andrés Venturino 1,2,3 , Ana María Pechen de D’Angelo 1 1 LIBIQUIMA, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400-8300 Neuquén, Argentina, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) 2 Corresponding author; e-mail: aventu@uncoma.edu.ar 3 Cátedra de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400-8300 Neuquén, Argentina Abstract. Biochemical biomarkers respond to a variety of environmental stresses, in particular to xenobiotic contamination. Their use in amphibian ecotoxicology has been scarce, and only in recent years have they been applied in a few cases of environmental monitoring. The best described biomarkers of xenobiotic effect in anurans are: the Cytochrome P450 enzymes which are induced in Phase I detoxification by a broad range of compounds; glutathione depletion and glutathione- S-Transferase induction by oxidative stress; vitellogenin induction by xenoestrogenic compounds causing feminization; acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase inactivation or inhibition by exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate compounds; and metallothioneins induced by exposure to toxic metals. As for other aquatic organisms, the integrated use of biochemical biomarkers seems the viable option for amphibian exposure and risk evaluations. Key words : Biochemical biomarkers; endocrine disrupters; environmental monitoring; frog;
Applied Herpetology – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2005
Keywords: ENDOCRINE DISRUPTERS; PESTICIDES; TOXIC METALS; TOAD; RISK ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FROG; BIOCHEMICAL BIOMARKERS
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