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The group of poets and critics who gathered around Shiʿr magazine in the late 1950s formed one of the most important artistic movements in the Middle East since World War II. The Beiruti review, founded in 1957 by Yūsuf al-Khāl, published the early and ground-breaking work of Adūnīs, Unsī al-Ḥājj, Muḥammad al-Māghūṭ, and Khālida Saʿīd. The magazine provided an impressively coherent, though hardly uncontested way to imagine modernism in the Arab world, and one that deeply influenced the work of later thinkers. Yet scholarship on the subject remains thin (polemics pro and contra are abundant). One of the best and earliest studies is Kamal Kheir Bek’s Le Mouvement moderniste de la poésie arabe contemporaine , published in Paris in 1978. Kheir Bek was a political ally of the Shiʿr group, a ranking member of Anṭūn Saʿāda’s Social Syrian Nationalist Party (SSNP), to which many of the magazine’s contributors also belonged at one time or another. But Kheir Bek’s study, which began as a doctoral thesis under the supervision of Jacques Berque, is most notable for its formal acuity. His detailed analyses of the modernists’ new lexicon, their daring torsions of syntax, and their metrical innovations are still exemplary.
Journal of Arabic Literature – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2013
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