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NITRIC OXIDE AS A PUTATIVE TRANSMITTER IN APLYSIA: NEURAL CIRCUITS AND MEMBRANE EFFECTS by JON W. JACKLET and MATTHIAS GRUHN (Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, U.S.A.) ABSTRACT Nitric oxide (NO) is proposed as a neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS. Histo- chemical staining and physiological studies suggest that it may be used as a transmitter in invertebrates as well. We stained the CNS of Aplysia using NADPH-diaphorase as a marker for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to identify neurons, fibre tracts, neuropil and synaptic terminals where NO may be produced. We found a few (3-6) densely stained neurons in most central ganglia and 30 or so bilaterally represented neurons in the cerebral ganglion. Axons, as well as cell bodies, were stained. They joined well defined stained fibre tracts in the ganglia and interganglionic connectives. Several conspicuous synaptic glomeruli were stained, including the lateral terminus of the optic tract. Antiserum to myomodulin, a transmitter/modulator, also stained the lateral terminus. Peripheral nerves including the optic, tentacular and lip nerves contained stained fibres. Select cerebral E-cluster neurons, impaled with micropipettes, responded to the NO generating compounds SIN-1 (3 morpholino-sydnonimine) and s-nitrosocysteine (S- NC). The
Netherlands Journal of Zoology (in 2003 continued as Animal Biology) – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1993
Keywords: membrane resistance; nitric oxide; transmitter; molluscs; NADPH diaphorase; methylene blue; synapses; Aplysia; myomodulin
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