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The Tasrif and Tas'Ir Calculations in Mediaeval Mesopotamian Fiscal Operations

The Tasrif and Tas'Ir Calculations in Mediaeval Mesopotamian Fiscal Operations THE TASRIF AND TAS'IR CALCULATIONS IN MEDIAEVAL MESO- POTAMIAN FISCAL OPERATIONS BY ANDREW S. EHRENKREUTZ (Uuiversity of Michigan) Professional activities of Mesopotamian fiscal agents in the Middle Ages were greatly complicated by the prevailing lack of a uniform system of the measures of capacity. The use of a uniform system of capacity measures would have facilitated assessment and perception of the muqäsamät, i.e., taxes based on a percentage of the crops, as well as in the evaluation of taxes paid by means of deliveries in kind. In order to overcome the many difficulties arising from the lack of uni- formity, fiscal authorities adopted a certain degree of standardization with regard to capacity measures and the value relationship between different species of agricultural produce. This standardization was helpful in the achievement of equation calculations between agricultural species differing from each other by their value, quantity, and the type of capacity measure with which they were handled. The equation or conversion processes were called tajrf. On the other hand, processes consisting of the apprizing of crops were known as tas"ir. Some interesting information concerning the tajrf and ta.r`ar cal- culation methods is contained in the Kitab <%/-?7???7 y? ma yahtaju http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient Brill

The Tasrif and Tas'Ir Calculations in Mediaeval Mesopotamian Fiscal Operations

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Publisher
Brill
Copyright
© 1964 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
ISSN
0022-4995
eISSN
1568-5209
DOI
10.1163/156852064X00021
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

THE TASRIF AND TAS'IR CALCULATIONS IN MEDIAEVAL MESO- POTAMIAN FISCAL OPERATIONS BY ANDREW S. EHRENKREUTZ (Uuiversity of Michigan) Professional activities of Mesopotamian fiscal agents in the Middle Ages were greatly complicated by the prevailing lack of a uniform system of the measures of capacity. The use of a uniform system of capacity measures would have facilitated assessment and perception of the muqäsamät, i.e., taxes based on a percentage of the crops, as well as in the evaluation of taxes paid by means of deliveries in kind. In order to overcome the many difficulties arising from the lack of uni- formity, fiscal authorities adopted a certain degree of standardization with regard to capacity measures and the value relationship between different species of agricultural produce. This standardization was helpful in the achievement of equation calculations between agricultural species differing from each other by their value, quantity, and the type of capacity measure with which they were handled. The equation or conversion processes were called tajrf. On the other hand, processes consisting of the apprizing of crops were known as tas"ir. Some interesting information concerning the tajrf and ta.r`ar cal- culation methods is contained in the Kitab <%/-?7???7 y? ma yahtaju

Journal

Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient – Brill

Published: Jan 1, 1964

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