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THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON GEOTAXIS AND PHOTOTAXIS IN LITTORINA OBTUSATA (L.) by C. R. JANSSEN (Zoological Station, Den Helder) I. INTRODUCTION The species of the genus Littorina belong to the very best examples of a group of marine animals showing vertical zonation within the tidal area. One of the means by which they succeed in keeping to this area is that they possess a negative geotaxis, which holds them near the water surface. That we are dealing with geotaxis here has been shown for Littorina neritoides by Fraenkel (1927), wo found that they react on a centrifugal force in the horizontal plane by moving to the axis of the centrifuge. For several other species it has been demonstrated that a vertical movement upward is not only carried out in the light, but also in the dark, as well as in diffuse light, in which phototaxis does not play a role. That a negative geotaxis is important in these animals cannot, therefore, be doubted. EBBINGE W UBBEN and BARKMAN (BARKMAN 1955) made it seem probable that in the blunt periwinkle, Littorina obtusata, the negative geotaxis is counteracted by a strong preference for Fuca- ceae, on which this species
Archives Néerlandaises de Zoologie (in 1967 continued as Netherlands Journal of Zoology) – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1960
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